_op. cit._
(footnote 8), December 1887; Henry G. Abbot, _Watch
factories of America_, Chicago, 1888, pp. 93-95;
_Newton directory_ for 1875, 1877, 1879, 1881, 1883,
1884-85, and 1885; _Waltham-Watertown directory_ for
1877-78, 1880, 1882, 1884; and William B. Fowle, "Cash
book" (see footnote 14).

[30] U. S. patents 161513, applied for November 13, 1873,
issued March 30, 1875; 165830, applied for July 14,
1875, issued July 20, 1875; 165831, applied for June 9,
1875, issued July 20, 1875; 179019, applied for May 25,
1876, issued June 20, 1876; and 186838, applied for
January 12, 1876, issued January 30, 1877. A French
patent was issued to Hopkins on September 12, 1876, and
a Belgian patent on September 30, 1876. For lack of
records neither has been positively identified but
presumably they are for the same device covered in
U. S. patent 179019.

[31] No. 46 courtesy of the late C. A. Ilbert (this watch is
now in the Science Museum, South Kensington, London);
124, 176, 224, 241 in the author's collection; 161
Abbot, _op cit._ (footnote 29); 250 Henry Ford Museum,
Dearborn, Michigan; 361 F. Earl Hackett; 387 Dr. Alfred
G. Cossidente; 403 Dr. W. B. Stephens; 423 Crossman, _op
cit._ (footnote 8); and an unnumbered movement
illustrated in _American Jeweler_, December 1898, vol.
17, no. 12, p. 371.

[32] In the author's collection.

[33] Crossman, _op. cit._ (footnote 8), December 1887,
p. 400.

[34] Crossman, _op. cit._ (footnote 8), January 1888,
p. 33.

[35] Crossman, _op. cit._ (footnote 8), January 1888,
pp. 400-401; Abbot, _op. cit._ (footnote 29).

[36] U. S. patent 204400.

[37] U. S. National Museum cat. no. 248691.

[38] U. S. patent 204400. The text of this patent speaks of
dividing the second into "halves, quarters, eighths,
etc." and in the summation of claims of "an escape
wheel, _A_, provided with one or more pairs of pins..."
showing that measuring tenths of a second with a
five-pin escape wheel was not conceived at this time. It
is interesting to note that in referring to the drawings
shown in figure 12 the text states "In the present
instance two pairs of pins are used to denote quarter
seconds." Only one pair of pins is shown