ucked firmly under both shoulders. The blanket must be drawn tightly
over the shoulders and the ends tucked under the opposite shoulder. It
must exceed the length of the patient by 18 inches. In case one blanket
is not large enough, two must be used, one of which may be drawn down 6
inches below the other.

[Illustration: No. 10]

Additional blankets, pillows and comforters may be used in case of high
fever.

The advice already given in regard to the differences in packs,
depending on their various purposes of cooling, diverting, calming or
dissolving, must also determine in this case as to the extra amount of
covering. The access of cold air at the neck and legs, however, must
always be carefully guarded against.

An ablution or bath must follow each whole pack.

If properly applied, the "whole pack" will be of the greatest benefit in
all febrile and chronic cases.

Inflammations require partial packs, while at the same time dissolving
or diverting packs of longer duration are applied to the parts of the
body which are not affected.

SMALL COMPRESSES

Small compresses may be applied to any part of the body.

They reduce ulcers and slight inflammations; they dissolve coagulation
in cases of rheumatism or gout, even of long standing.

A medium sized piece of linen folded six to eight times, is useful in
case of toothache or earache. The compress must be covered with a
woollen cloth and fastened as securely as possible. Dissolving
compresses must be covered more thickly than cooling ones.

Special compresses are sometimes needed on the head, on the heart and
around the neck to prevent congestions. They are covered only slightly,
and like all cooling compresses, are changed as soon as they become hot.

GYMNASTICS, MASSAGE AND BREATHING EXERCISES (28, 29, 30)

The three items under "Physical Treatment": 28. _Gymnastics_, 29.
_Massage_ and 30. _Breathing_, require only a few explanatory remarks.

Their common object is, by means of external mechanical aid, to
stimulate the circulation of the blood which is undergoing the process
of regeneration. They remove obstacles to circulation and produce
movements and reactions. While, in the case of massage, this external
aid must, as a rule, be given by a third person in order to be
effective, gymnastics and breathing exercises depend upon the patient
himself. All of them, however, have the common attribute that, in order
to be useful, they must be strictly indiv