fugees have fled the
civil strife between the Hutu and Tutsi factions in Rwanda and crossed
into Zaire, Burundi, and Tanzania; close to 350,000 Rwandan Tutsis who
fled civil strife in earlier years are returning to Rwanda and a few
of the recent Hutu refugees are going home despite the danger of doing
so; the ethnic violence continues and in 1995 could produce further
refugee flows as well as deter returns

Infant mortality rate: 118.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 39.33 years
male: 38.5 years
female: 40.19 years (1995 est.)

Total fertility rate: 8.12 children born/woman (1995 est.)

Nationality:
noun: Rwandan(s)
adjective: Rwandan

Ethnic divisions: Hutu 90%, Tutsi 9%, Twa (Pygmoid) 1%

Religions: Roman Catholic 65%, Protestant 9%, Muslim 1%, indigenous
beliefs and other 25%

Languages: Kinyarwanda (official), French (official), Kiswahili used
in commercial centers

Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
total population: 50%
male: 64%
female: 37%

Labor force: 3.6 million
by occupation: agriculture 93%, government and services 5%, industry
and commerce 2%

@Rwanda:Government

Names:
conventional long form: Republic of Rwanda
conventional short form: Rwanda
local long form: Republika y'u Rwanda
local short form: Rwanda

Digraph: RW

Type: republic; presidential system
note: after genocide and civil war in April 1994, the Tutsi Rwandan
Patriotic Front, in July 1994, took power and formed a new government

Capital: Kigali

Administrative divisions: 10 prefectures (prefectures, singular -
prefecture in French; plural - NA, singular - prefegitura in
Kinyarwanda); Butare, Byumba, Cyangugu, Gikongoro, Gisenyi, Gitarama,
Kibungo, Kibuye, Kigali, Ruhengeri

Independence: 1 July 1962 (from Belgium-administered UN trusteeship)

National holiday: Independence Day, 1 July (1962)

Constitution: 18 June 1991

Legal system: based on German and Belgian civil law systems and
customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme
Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage: NA years of age; universal adult

Executive branch:
chief of state: President Pasteur BIZIMUNGU (since 19 July 1994); took
office following the siezure of the government by the Tutsi Rwandan
Patriotic Front and the exiling of interim President Dr. Theodore
SINDIKUBWABO; no future