ances with elliptical bases that burst the bark and rise
rather thickly from the affected portions of the branch. The diseased
portion is sunk below the surface of the healthy part. The interior of
the protuberance, which is the fruiting part of the fungus, contains
numerous black, flask-like structures whose tips reached the surface.
Within the cavities of these flasks are formed the very numerous
spindle-shaped spore cells, each containing, when ripe, eight colorless
elliptical spores. The author noticed that the inner bark on the part of
the branch occupied by the fungus is reduced to a narrow black line
between the wood and the outer bark. This reduction in the thickness of
the inner bark explains why the surface of the affected parts is sunken.
If the entire circumference of a cane becomes involved, the result is
that it is girdled, and the part beyond necessarily dies. The attacks of
this fungus on the host-plant are essentially similar in their results
to those of the black knot of the plum, though the immediate effect on
the inner bark is here one of atrophy, while in the latter case it is
one of hypertrophy. The fungus is also related to the black-knot fungus
on the plum, but its life-history is not yet known. There may be other
spore forms in its life cycle, and therefore it is impossible to give
any more definite suggestions for avoiding it than to recommend that
infected branches be cut away well below the point of infection and
burned as soon as they are seen to be infected.

THE TRUTH ABOUT TREE PLANTING WITH DYNAMITE.

[Note by the Secretary.--As planting with dynamite has been
especially recommended for nut trees, on account of their long tap
roots which have the habit of growing down until they reach
permanent water; as there has been some difference of opinion among
horticulturists as to the merits of tree planting, in general, with
dynamite; and in order that nut growers may know how to use this
method as advised by the dynamite makers, in case they may wish to
try it in setting their trees, the following description of the
method advised, from the pen of Mr. George Frank Lord of the E. I.
du Pont de Nemours Powder Company, is here printed.]

During the past two years there has been considerable discussion in the
agricultural press on the merits of dynamite in tree planting. The
majority of orchardists who have tried the new method are enthusi