By a By St.
1847. 170 A.D. second third John.
forger. forger.

Th. Keim, By the same forger, ---- Not by
1867. 100-117 A.D. St. John.

A. Hilgen- By a forger, All by a second forger, By St. John.
feld, 1875. 120-140 A.D. 130 A.D.

E. Renan, By the Presbyter John and others, who Not by St.
1879. pretended that they were by St. John, John, but
120 A.D. circulated
by him.

C. Weizsaec- By a disciple Not by St. John nor by the Not by
ker, 1886. of St. John. author of the Gospel. St. John.

A. Harnack, The Gospel and Epistles all probably by By the
1897. the Presbyter John, who did not pretend Presbyter
that they were by St. John, John,
80-110 A.D. 96 A.D.

A. C. Uncertain. By the Uncertain. Possibly
McGiffert, author by the
1897. of the Presbyter
Gospel. John.

B. W. By an All by another unknown By St.
Bacon, unknown writer, A.D. 95-100 A.D. John.
1900. writer,
100-110 A.D.

P. W. Not by St. By a By a third Possibly
Schmiedel, John, nor second forger. by the
1901. by the forger. Presbyter
Presbyter. John.

{285}

APPENDIX B

PAPIAS AND JOHN THE PRESBYTER

Papias, a Phrygian by birth, and Bishop of Hierapolis in Phrygia, wrote
in the first half of the 2nd century a book called _Expositions of
Oracles of the Lord_. Among the "Elders" whom Irenaeus quotes, Papias
and Polycarp alone are called "ancient" (_archaios_--_Adv. Haer._ v.
33). This helps us to fix the date of Papias. For Polycarp died
either in A.D. 155 or 156. He had been a Christian for eighty-six
years, and was therefore born in A.D. 70 at the very latest. Papias
was therefore probably born about A.D. 70. We know from Irenaeus that
Polycarp was a disciple of St. John, and several ancient writers,