-will between Europeans and natives as here.
If some border colonists had the absolute certainty of our government
declining to bear them out in their arrogance, we should probably hear
less of Caffre insolence. It is insolence which begets insolence.

From the village of Cassange we have a good view of the surrounding
country: it is a gently undulating plain, covered with grass and patches
of forest. The western edge of the Quango valley appears, about twenty
miles off, as if it were a range of lofty mountains, and passes by the
name of Tala Mungongo, "Behold the Range". In the old Portuguese map, to
which I had been trusting in planning my route, it is indicated as Talla
Mugongo, or "Castle of Rocks!" and the Coanza is put down as rising
therefrom; but here I was assured that the Coanza had its source near
Bihe, far to the southwest of this, and we should not see that river
till we came near Pungo Andonga. It is somewhat remarkable that more
accurate information about this country has not been published. Captain
Neves and others had a correct idea of the courses of the rivers, and
communicated their knowledge freely; yet about this time maps were sent
to Europe from Angola representing the Quango and Coanza as the same
river, and Cassange placed about one hundred miles from its true
position. The frequent recurrence of the same name has probably helped
to increase the confusion. I have crossed several Quangos, but all
insignificant, except that which drains this valley. The repetition of
the favorite names of chiefs, as Catende, is also perplexing, as one
Catende may be mistaken for another. To avoid this confusion as much
as possible, I have refrained from introducing many names. Numerous
villages are studded all over the valley; but these possess no
permanence, and many more existed previous to the Portuguese expedition
of 1850 to punish the Bangala.

This valley, as I have before remarked, is all fertile in the extreme.
My men could never cease admiring its capability for raising their corn
('Holcus sorghum'), and despising the comparatively limited cultivation
of the inhabitants. The Portuguese informed me that no manure is ever
needed, but that, the more the ground is tilled, the better it yields.
Virgin soil does not give such a heavy crop as an old garden, and,
judging from the size of the maize and manioc in the latter, I can
readily believe the statement. Cattle do well, too. Viewing the valley
as a whole, i