name of New Jersey. Sir
George's relative, Philip Carteret (d. 1682), was sent over as governor
in 1665, but was temporarily deposed in 1672 by the discontented
colonists, who chose James Carteret (perhaps a natural son of Sir
George) as "president." Philip Carteret was restored to his office in
1674. In this year Lord Berkeley disposed of his share of the grant,
which finally fell under the control of William Penn and his associates.
With them Carteret agreed (1676) upon a boundary line which divided the
colony into East and West Jersey. He died in January 1680, and two years
later his heirs disposed of his New Jersey holdings to Penn and other
Quakers.

CARTESIANISM,[1] the general name given to the philosophy developed
principally in the works of Descartes, Malebranche and Spinoza. It is
impossible to exhibit the full meaning of these authors except in
connexion, for they are all ruled by one and the same thought in
different stages of its evolution. It may be true that Malebranche and
Spinoza were prepared, the former by the study of Augustine, the latter
by the study of Jewish philosophy, to draw from Cartesian principles
consequences which Descartes never anticipated. But the foreign light
did not alter the picture on which it was cast, but only let it be seen
more clearly. The consequences were legitimately drawn. It may be shown
that they lay in the system from the first, and that they were evolved
by nothing but its own immanent dialectic. At the same time it is not
likely that they would ever have been brought into such clear
consciousness, or expressed with such consistency, except by a
philosopher whose circumstances and character had completely detached
him from all the convictions and prejudices of the age. In Malebranche,
Cartesianism found an interpreter whose meditative spirit was fostered
by the cloister, but whose speculative boldness was restrained by the
traditions of the Catholic church. In Spinoza it found one who was in
spirit and position more completely isolated than any monk, who was
removed from the influence of the religious as well as the secular world
of his time, and who in his solitude seemed scarcely ever to hear any
voice but the voice of philosophy. It is because Cartesianism found such
a pure organ of expression that its development is, in some sense,
complete and typical. Its principles have been carried to their ultimate
result, and we have before us all the data necessary t