FREE BOOKS

Author's List




PREV.   NEXT  
|<   564   565   566   567   568   569   570   571   572   573   574   575   576   577   578   579   580   581   582   583   584   585   586   587   588  
589   590   591   592   593   594   595   596   597   598   599   600   601   602   603   604   605   606   607   608   609   610   611   612   613   >>   >|  
kets. The risk of poisoning with tar mixtures as already mentioned should be borne in mind in using this remedy. Care should be taken to apply it lightly. The stable fly breeds in moist accumulations of straw, chaff, cow or horse manure, and various fermenting vegetable substances. The debris collecting in and under outdoor feed troughs, and the remains of straw stacks are favorable breeding places for the stable fly. Under the most favorable conditions about three weeks are required for development from the egg to the adult stage. The proper care of straw and the proper disposal of stable manure are very necessary in the control of stable flies. Straw stacks should be carefully built so as to shed rain, and loose straw or chaff should be scattered or burned. Straw not required for winter feed should be promptly disposed of by burning or scattering and plowing it under. Stable manure should be hauled out and scattered at regular intervals, preferably every three days, and the vicinity of stables should be kept free from accumulations of straw and hay that may become wet and serve as breeding places for the stable fly. THE HORNFLY (LYPEROSIA IRRITANS).[14] This fly, now found nearly everywhere in the United States, was introduced into this country from Europe about the year 1885. Hornflies have the habit of clustering about the base of the horn (fig. 2), whence the name by which they are popularly known. They do not damage the horn, and congregate there only to rest. In view of the general practice of dehorning cattle, the name hornfly is less distinctive than it once was. Moreover, hornflies rest on other parts of the body as well as the horns. When resting, their wings are held down close to the body (fig. 1); when feeding, their wings are held out nearly at right angles, ready for flight. They puncture the skin and suck blood, usually attacking the upper parts of the body, particularly those which are out of reach of the animal's head or tail. Unlike most flies, they remain on the animal more or less constantly, day and night. Owing probably to the irritation and annoyance caused by these flies, cattle often do not thrive as they should during seasons when the flies are numerous. The hornfly has also been charged with transmitting diseases, such as anthrax. [Illustration: PLATE XLIV. NORMAL SPLEEN AND SPLEEN AFFECTED BY TEXAS FEVER. Fig. 1. SPLEEN OF AN ACUTE, FAT
PREV.   NEXT  
|<   564   565   566   567   568   569   570   571   572   573   574   575   576   577   578   579   580   581   582   583   584   585   586   587   588  
589   590   591   592   593   594   595   596   597   598   599   600   601   602   603   604   605   606   607   608   609   610   611   612   613   >>   >|  



Top keywords:
stable
 

manure

 
SPLEEN
 

stacks

 
animal
 

favorable

 

breeding

 
scattered
 

places

 

required


proper
 

cattle

 

accumulations

 

hornfly

 

congregate

 
flight
 

feeding

 
angles
 
damage
 

hornflies


dehorning

 

distinctive

 

puncture

 

Moreover

 

practice

 

resting

 

general

 

constantly

 

diseases

 

transmitting


anthrax
 

Illustration

 

charged

 
seasons
 

numerous

 

NORMAL

 

AFFECTED

 

thrive

 
attacking
 
Unlike

remain

 

annoyance

 
irritation
 

caused

 

development

 

conditions

 

collecting

 

outdoor

 

troughs

 

remains