nce of the angarakha
and the turban of the men, and of the saris of the women, with the
dress of the Hindoos of Gujerat.

NOTES

[1] The first mention of the Persians is made in Jeremiah xxxix. 3.

[2] Herodotus, Ctesias, Deinon, Theopompe, Hermippe, Plutarch,
Diogenes Laertius, Pliny, Strabo, Pausanias, Dion Chrysostom,
Damascius, Theodorus of Mopsuestia, &c.

[3] Mahomedan writers: Firdousi, Mirkhoud, Tabari, Masoudi,
Shahrastani, Dimisqhi, Ibn Fozlan, &c. Armenian writers: Eznik,
Elisee, &c.

[4] The cuneiform Achaemenian inscriptions found in Persia and in
other places, deciphered and published by Grotefend, Burnouf, Lassen,
Rawlinson, Norris, Spiegel, de Saulcy, Oppert, Menant, Kossowicz,
&c., &c.

[5] Arrien, Expedition d'Alexandre, liv. iii., cxxii.

[6] Weil, Geschichte der Khalifen nach handschrift, Grosstentheils
Quellen, &c., &c., ch. ii. pp. 54 et seq.; Mannheim, 1864. Caussin
de Perceval, Histoire des Arabes, liv. ix. p. 400, 1848. Malcolm,
Hist. of Persia, from the most early period to the present time,
vol. i. c. vi. p. 170, London, MDCCCXV.

[7] "Quadesyeh--A place celebrated for the battles fought there between
the Mussulmans and the Persians. (The town of Elkadder, not far from
Kerbela, marks the old site of Kadesia. As to Koufah a collection of
ruins marks the site of the capital of the Caliphate, which is said to
have been as great as Babylon.) It is about fifteen farsakhs from
Koufah and four miles from Ozhaib; longitude, 69 deg.; latitude, 31 deg. 2'
3''. It was in the year 16 of the Hejira, under the Caliphate of Omar
ben Khatthab, that the Mussulmans, commanded by Sa'd ben Abi Waqqas,
fought against the infidels. During the action, Sa'd had withdrawn into
the castle ("There was at Ozhaib a castle belonging to the Persians
called Qodais, whence, it is said, the name Quadesyeh. Sa'd occupied it
with his harem, as he was suffering from gout, and could neither sit
nor ride. Lying on the top of this fortress he watched his army, and
some men posted below transmitted his military orders and arrangements"
(Merasid) (See Essai sur l'Histoire des Arabes by Caussin de Perceval,
iii. 481-485, and Weil, Gesch. der Chal. i. pp. 65 et seq.) to watch
the movements of his troops. This step was regarded as a proof of
cowardice, and a Mussulman in the army composed the following verses
against him (thawil metre):--

"Seest thou not that God has sent us the victor