the cow's milk to make up the deficient
percentage.

There is yet another feature which we must rectify; cow's milk is acid,
while human milk is alkaline. To overcome this difference we add
lime-water. We must also take into consideration that cow's milk is
ordinarily full of germs, while human milk is free from them; to
overcome this danger we resort to heating the milk to a degree which
experience has taught us will kill all germs. Cooked milk is not as
wholesome as uncooked milk, and it has a tendency to cause constipation.
We have to a certain extent overcome the need for cooking all milk for
babies, as will be noted later, but in summer time, unless the milk is
known to be pure and free from germs, it is advisable to sterilize it.

UTENSILS NECESSARY FOR HOME MODIFICATION OF MILK

One dozen round, eight-ounce nursing bottles.
One dozen black rubber nipples.
One eight-ounce measuring glass or graduate.
One brush for cleaning bottles.
One two-quart glass preserve jar for mixing the various ingredients.
One one-ounce Chapin dipper, for removing the top-milk.
One glass funnel.

A detailed description of the proper kinds of bottles and nipples will
be found elsewhere. The measuring glass or graduate should be
wide-mouthed. It is not safe to spoon the top-milk off, nor is it safe
to pour it out. Absorbent cotton should be provided to close the nursing
bottles when filled and left standing in the ice box.

ARTIFICIAL FEEDING FROM BIRTH TO THE TWELFTH MONTH

The following formulas for the different ages may be found useful for
well babies:

From the third to the tenth day:

Milk (top 16 oz.) 3 ounces.
Lime-water 1/2 ounce.
Milk-sugar 1 ounce.
Boiled water to make 16 ounces.

Ten feedings in twenty-four hours; 1-1/2 to 2 ounces at each feeding.

From the tenth to the twenty-first day:

Milk (top 16 oz.) 6 ounces.
Lime-water 1-1/2 ounces.
Milk-sugar 1-1/2 ounces.
Water to make 24 ounces.

Nine to ten feedings in twenty-four hours; 1-1/2 to 2 ounces at each
feeding.

From third to the sixth week:

Milk (top 16 oz.) 10 ounces.
Lime-water 2-1/2 ounces.
Milk-sugar 2 ounces.
Water to make 32 ounces.

Eight to nine feedings in twenty-four hours; 2 or 3 ounces at each