ontius
Fineus, _De horologiis solaribus_; Mutio Oddi da Urbino, _Horologi
solari_; Dryander, _De horologiorum compositione_; Conrad Gesner,
_Pandectae_; Andreas Schoener, _Gnomonicae_; F. Commandine,
_Horologiorum descriptio_; Joan. Bapt. Benedictus, _De gnomonum usu_;
Georgius Schomberg, _Exegesis fundamentorum gnomonicorum_; Joan.
Solomon de Caus, _Horologes solaires_; Joan. Bapt. Trolta, _Praxis
horologiorum_; Desargues, _Maniere universelle pour poser l'essieu_,
&c.; Ath. Kircher, _Ars magna lucis et Umbrae_; Hallum, _Explicatio
horologii in horto regio Londini_; Joan. Mark, _Tractatus
horologiorum_; Clavius, _Gnomonices de horologiis_. Also among more
modern writers, Deschales, Ozanam, Schottus, Wolfius, Picard, Lahire,
Walper; in German, Paterson, Michael, Mueller; in English, Foster,
Wells, Collins, Leadbetter, Jones, Leybourn, Emerson and Ferguson. See
also Hans Loeschner, _Ueber Sonnenuhren_ (2nd ed., Graz, 1906). (H. G.)

[1] In one of the courts of Queens' College, Cambridge, there is an
elaborate sun-dial dating from the end of the 17th or beginning of the
18th century, and around it a series of numbers which make it available
as a moon-dial when the moon's age is known.

[2] Strict equality is not necessary, as the observations made are on
the vertical line through each division-point, without reference to the
others. It is not even requisite that the divisions should go completely
and exactly round the cylinder, although they were always so drawn, and
both these conditions were insisted upon in the directions for the
construction.

DIALECT (from Gr. [Greek: dialektos], conversation, manner of speaking,
[Greek: dialegesthai], to converse), a particular or characteristic
manner of speech, and hence any variety of a language. In its widest
sense languages which are branches of a common or parent language may be
said to be "dialects" of that language; thus Attic, Ionic, Aeolic and
Doric are dialects of Greek, though there may never have at any time
been a separate language of which they were variations; so the various
Romance languages, Italian, French, Spanish, &c., were dialects of
Latin. Again, where there have existed side by side, as in England,
various branches of a language, such as the languages of the Angles, the
Jutes or the Saxons, and the descendant of one particular language, from
many causes, has obtained the predominance, the traces of the other
languages remain