depends upon the men it can breed and
rear.--_Froude_.

The war over and peace duly established, Lieutenant Gordon (for so he was
then) accompanied General Sir Lintorn Simmons to Galatz, where, as
assistant commissioner, he was engaged in fixing the new frontiers of
Russia, Turkey and Roumania. In 1857, when his duties here were
finished, he went with the same officer to Armenia; there, in the same
capacity, he was engaged in laying down the Asiatic frontiers of Russia
and Turkey. When this work was completed he returned home and was
quartered at Chatham, and employed for a time as Field Work Instructor
and Adjutant. In 1860, now holding the rank of Captain, he joined the
Army in China, and was present at the surrender of Pekin; and for his
services he was promoted to the rank of Major.

THE BURNING OF THE SUMMER PALACE.

"On the eleventh of October," Gordon relates, "we were sent down in a
hurry to throw up earth works against the City; as the Chinese refused to
give up the gate we demanded their surrender before we could treat with
them. They were also required to give up the prisoners. You will be
sorry to hear the treatment they have suffered has been very bad. Poor
De Norman, who was with me in Asia, is one of the victims. It appears
they were tied so tight by the wrists that the flesh mortified, and they
died in the greatest torture. Up to the time that elapsed before they
arrived at the Summer Palace, they were well treated, but then the ill-
treatment began. The Emperor is supposed to have been there at the time.

But to go back to the work, the Chinese were given until twelve on the
13th, to give up the gate. We made a lot of batteries, and everything
was ready for assault of the wall, which is a battlement, forty feet
high, but of inferior masonry; at 11.30 p.m., however, the gate was
opened, and we took possession; so our work was of no avail. The Chinese
had then, until the 23rd, to think over our terms of treaty, and to pay
up ten thousand pounds (10,000 pounds) for each Englishman, and five
hundred pounds (500 pounds) for each native soldier who had died during
their captivity. This they did, and the money was paid, and the treaty
signed yesterday. I could not witness it, as all officers commanding
companies were obliged to remain in camp, owing to the ill-treatment the
prisoners experienced at the Summer Palace. The General ordered this to
be destroyed, and stuck up proclamation