oese Zeitalter_,
1500-1650. Berlin. 1907. (A co-operative work, written by masters of
their subjects in popular style. Profusely illustrated).

E. Lavisse et A. Rambaud: _Histoire generale du IVe siecle a nos jours.
Tome IV Renaissance et reforme, les nouveaux mondes 1492-1559_. 1894.
Tome V. _Les guerres de religion 1559-1648_. 1895.

R. L. Poole: _Historical Atlas of Modern Europe_. 1902.

W. R. Shepherd: _Historical Atlas_. 1911.

Ramsay Muir: _Hammond's New Historical Atlas for Students_. 1914.

A list of general histories of the Reformation will be found in the
bibliography to the last chapter.

An excellent introduction to the bibliography of the public documents
of all countries will be found in the _Encyclopaedia Britannica_, s.v.
"Record."

CHAPTER I. THE OLD AND THE NEW

SECTION 1. _The World_

On economic changes see bibliography to chapter xi; on exploration,
chapter ix; on universities, chapter xiii, 3. On printing:

J. Janssen: _A History of the German People from the Close of the
Middle Ages_, transl. by M. A. Mitchell and A. M. Christie. 2d English
ed. 16 volumes. 1905-10.

A. W. Pollard: _Fine Books_. 1912.

T. L. De Vinne: _The Invention of Printing_. 1878.

Veroeffentlichungen der Gutenberg-Gesellschaft. 1901 ff.

H. Meisner und J. Luther: _Die Erfindung der Buchdruckerkunst_. 1900.

Article "Typography" in Encyclopedia Britannica. (The author defends
the now untenable thesis that printing originated in Holland, though
the numerous and valuable data given by himself point clearly to
Mayence as the cradle of the art).

SECTIONS 2 and 3. _The Church, Causes of the Reformation_

SOURCES.

C. Mirbt: _Quellen sur Geschichte des Papsttums und der roemischen
Katholizismus_.[3] 1911. (Convenient and scholarly; indispensable to
any one who has not a large library at command).

_The Missal_, compiled from the Missale Romanum. 1913.

_The Priest's New Ritual_, compiled by P. Griffith. 1902. (The rites
of the Roman Church, except the Mass, partly in Latin, partly in
English).

_The Catechism of the Council of Trent_, translated into English by J.
Donovan. 1829.

_Corpus Juris Canonici_, post curas A. L. Richteri instruxit Aemilius
Friedberg. 2 vols. 1879-81.

_Codex Juris Canonici_, Pii X jussu digestus, Benedicti XV auctoritate
promulgatus. 1918.

Thomas Aquinas: _Summa Theologiae_. Many editions; the best, with a
commentary by Cardinal Cajetan (