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_#_Maritime claims: Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm; Territorial sea: 12 nm _#_Disputes: involved in complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China, Malaysia, Philippines, and Vietnam; Paracel Islands occupied by China, but claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; Japanese-administered Senkaku-shoto (Senkaku Islands/Diaoyu Tai) claimed by China and Taiwan _#_Climate: tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon (June to August); cloudiness is persistent and extensive all year _#_Terrain: eastern two-thirds mostly rugged mountains; flat to gently rolling plains in west _#_Natural resources: small deposits of coal, natural gas, limestone, marble, and asbestos _#_Land use: arable land 24%; permanent crops 1%; meadows and pastures 5%; forest and woodland 55%; other 15%; irrigated 14% _#_Environment: subject to earthquakes and typhoons _*_People _#_Population: 20,658,702 (July 1991), growth rate 1.1% (1991) _#_Birth rate: 16 births/1,000 population (1991) _#_Death rate: 5 deaths/1,000 population (1991) _#_Net migration rate: NEGL migrants/1,000 population (1991) _#_Infant mortality rate: 6 deaths/1,000 live births (19901 _#_Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 78 years female (1991) _#_Total fertility rate: 1.8 children born/woman (1991) _#_Nationality: noun--Chinese (sing., pl.); adjective--Chinese _#_Ethnic divisions: Taiwanese 84%, mainland Chinese 14%, aborigine 2% _#_Religion: mixture of Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist 93%, Christian 4.5%, other 2.5% _#_Language: Mandarin Chinese (official); Taiwanese and Hakka dialects also used _#_Literacy: 91.2% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990) _#_Labor force: 7,900,000; industry and commerce 53%, services 22%, agriculture 15.6%, civil administration 7% (1989) _#_Organized labor: 1,300,000 or about 18.4% (government controlled) (1983) _*_Administration _#_Long-form name: none _#_Type: one-party presidential regime; opposition political parties legalized in March, 1989 _#_Capital: Taipei _#_Administrative divisions: the authorities in Taipei claim to be the government of all China; in keeping with that claim, the central administrative divisions include 2 provinces (sheng, singular and plural) and 2 municipalities* (shih, singular and plural)--Fu-chien (some 20 offshore islands of Fujian Province including Quemoy and Matsu), Kao-hsiung*
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