* *

THE CUMBERLAND PIG

HEAD.--Fairly short, wide snout, dished face, wide between ears.

EARS.--Falling forward over face, long and thin.

JOWL.--Heavy.

NECK.--Fairly long and muscular.

CHEST.--Deep and wide.

SHOULDERS.--Deep and sloping into the back, blades not prominent, but in
line with ribs, not too wide on top.

BACK.--Long and level or with a slight arch from head to tail.

RIBS.--Deep and well sprung.

LOINS.--Broad and strong.

SIDES.--Deep.

BELLY AND FLANK.--Full and thick.

QUARTERS.--Long and level or with only very slight droop.

TAIL.--Set high, not coarse.

HAMS.--Very large and well filled to hocks.

LEGS.--Short, straight, and strong.

COLOUR.--White.

SKIN AND COAT.--Smooth; hair straight, fine, and silky and not too much
of it.

SIZE.--Large without coarseness.

DISQUALIFICATIONS.--Black spots, black hair, prick ears.

OBJECTIONS.--Blue spots.

* * * * *

[Illustration: _From a Painting by Wippell._

A BERKSHIRE SOW.

To face page 32.]

* * * * *

[Illustration: _Photo, Sport and General._

LARGE BLACK SOW, "SUDBOURNE SADIE."

Owner, K. M. Clark. 1st Prize and Champion, R. A. Show, Norwich.

To face page 33.]

CHAPTER III

CROSS-BRED PIGS

This term has a varying meaning to different persons. There are those
who term a pig a cross-bred unless it be bred from parents of recorded
pedigree, or those which possess pedigrees capable of registration.
Others claim that a cross-bred is any pig which is bred indiscriminately
from boar and sow of no particular type or breeding--in fact common pigs
of the country; whilst still others declare that the title of cross-bred
can be legitimately applied only to a pig whose parents were of two
different pure breeds in contradistinction to a pig sired by a pure bred
boar, and from a common sow, or the diverse way.

It is not for us to determine the knotty point, but we may venture the
opinion that the two first definitions of a cross-bred are not
convincing to us, since in order to produce a cross-bred it is necessary
to have a sire, or a dam, or both of defined breeds. Probably the most
correct definition of a cross-bred animal is one bred from the mating of
sire and dam of two distinct breeds, but the term is now loosely applied
to an animal begotten by a sire or from a dam of pedigree breeding, the
other parent being of no particular bre