and Germany," says of Vienna, that it
is a city of smokers,--"a good Austrian thinks he can never pay too
much for a good pipe." Many of the Germans use a kind of pipe carved
from the root of the dwarf oak; wooden pipes of a similar kind are
made of brier root, and are very common, as are also those made from
maple and sweet-brier. One of the favorite pipes used by Germans is
the porcelain pipe, which consists of a double bowl--the upper one
containing the tobacco, which fits into another portion of the pipe,
allowing the oil to drain into the lower bowl, which may be removed
and the pipe cleaned. The bowls are sometimes painted beautifully,
representing a variety of subjects, and in no way inferior to the
painted porcelain for the table.

The Dutch are famous smokers and are constantly "pulling at the pipe."
They use those with long, straight stems, and both their clay and
porcelain pipes are of the finest form and finish. Irving, in "The
History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of the
Dutch Dynasty," has given a good description of the smoking powers of
the Dutch. Speaking of his grandfather's love for the weed, he says:

"My great-grandfather, by the mother's side, Hermanns Van
Clattercop, when employed to build the large stone church at
Rotterdam, which stands about three hundred yards to your
left, after your turn from the Boomkeys; and which is so
conveniently constructed that all the zealous Christians of
Rotterdam prefer sleeping through a sermon there to any
other church in the city. My great-grandfather, I say, when
employed to build that famous church, did, in the first
place, send to Delft for a box of long pipes; then, having
purchased a new spitting-box and a hundred weight of the
best Virginia, he sat himself down and did nothing for the
space of three months but smoke most laboriously.

"Then did he spend full three months more in trudging on
foot, and voyaging in the Trekschuit, from Rotterdam to
Amsterdam--to Delft--to Haerlem--to Leyden--to the
Hague--knocking his head and breaking his pipe against every
church in his road. Then did he advance gradually nearer and
nearer to Rotterdam, until he came in full sight of the
identical spot whereon the church was to be built. Then did
he spend three months longer in walking round it and round
it, contemplating it, first from one