ellent memory, this faculty was at first quite
deficient as regarded visible objects: he was not able, for
example, to recognize visitors, unless he heard them speak, till
he had seen them very frequently. Even when he had seen an
object repeatedly he could form no idea of its visible qualities
without having the real object before him. Heretofore when he
dreamed of any persons, of his parents, for instance, he felt
them and heard their voices, but never saw them; but now, after
having seen them frequently, he saw them also in his dreams. The
human face pleased him more than any other object. Although the
newly-acquired sense afforded him many pleasures, the great
number of strange and extraordinary sights was often
disagreeable and wearisome to him. He said that he saw too much
novelty which he could not comprehend; and, even though he could
see both near and remote objects very well, he would
nevertheless continually have recourse to the use of the sense
of touch."

Final Remarks.

To the seven reports upon cases of persons born blind and afterward
surgically treated, which are here presented in abridged form from the
English originals, may be added some more recent and more accessible
ones, one by Hirschberg ("Archiv fuer Opthalmologie," xxi, 1. Abth., S.
29 bis 42, 1875), one by A. von Hippel (ibid., xxi, 2. Abth., S. 101),
and one by Dufour ("Archives des Sciences physiques et naturelles,"
lviii, No. 242, April, 1877, p. 420). The cases reported here are those
most discussed. I have given them considerably in detail in order that
the reader may form an independent judgment concerning the behavior of
persons born blind and then operated upon, as that behavior is described
_before_ the modern physiological controversy over empiricism and
nativism. Helmholtz ("Physiologische Optik," Sec. 28) mentions, besides
those of Chesselden and Wardrop and Ware, which he gives in abridged
form, some other cases also. Others still may be found in Froriep's
"Notizen" (xi, p. 177, 1825, and iv, p. 243, 1837, also xxi, p. 41,
1842), partly reported, partly cited (the latter according to Franz).

In addition to the cases here given of persons born blind and then
surgically treated--persons not able to see things in space-relations
before becoming blind--one more case is to be mentioned; it is that of a
girl who in her seventh year (probably in consequence of the effect