udson River Road leads as well, connecting besides with
railroads in every direction to the northern and western parts of the
State, and with the Far West by a number of routes. The main avenue to
the Far West is, however, the Atlantic and Great Western Road, with its
twelve hundred miles of uniform broad-gauge. Along this line the whole
riches of the interior may reasonably be expected to flow eastward as in
a trough; for its position is axial, and its connection perfect. All the
chief New Jersey railroads open avenues to the richest mineral region of
the Atlantic States,--to the Far South and the Far West of the country.
Two or three may be styled commuters' roads, running chiefly for the
accommodation of city business-men with suburban residences. The Long
Island Road is a road without important branches; but the majority of
all the roads subsidiary to New York are avenues to some broad and
typical tract of the interior.

Let us turn to consider how New York has provided for the people as well
as the goods that enter her precincts by all the ways we have rehearsed.
She draws them up Broadway in twenty thousand horse-vehicles per day, on
an average, and from that magnificent avenue, crowded for nearly five
miles with elegant commercial structures, over two hundred miles more of
paved street, in all directions. She lights them at night with eight
hundred miles of gas-pipe; she washes them and slakes their thirst from
two hundred and ninety-one miles of Croton main; she has constructed for
their drainage one hundred and seventy-six miles of sewer. She
victimizes them with nearly two thousand licensed hackmen; she licenses
twenty-two hundred car- and omnibus-drivers to carry them over
twenty-nine different stage-routes and ten horse-railroads, in six
hundred and seventy-one omnibuses and nearly as many cars, connecting
intimately with every part of the city, and averaging ten up-and-down
trips per day. She connects them with the adjoining cities of the
main-land and with Staten and Long Island by twenty ferries, running, on
the average, one boat each way every ten minutes during the twenty-four
hours. She offers for her guests' luxurious accommodation at least a
score of hotels, where good living is made as much the subject of high
art as in the Hotel du Louvre, besides minor houses of rest and
entertainment, to the number of more than five thousand. She attends to
their religion in about four hundred places of public wor