own as _Romulus_. It is also referred to in Appian, Aulus
Gellius, and Seneca (see the references in my _History of AEsop_, p.
243, Ro. III., i.). It is told in Caxton's _Esope_, p. 62, from whom I
have borrowed a few touches. He calls his hero Androclus, whereas
Painter, in his _Palace of Pleasure_, ed. Jacobs, i., 89-90, calls the
slave Androdus. We moderns, including Mr. Bernard Shaw, get our
"Androcles" from Day's _Sanford and Merton_. It also occurs in _Gesta
Romanorum_, 104, edit., Oesterley, who gives a long list of parallels
in almost all the countries of Europe.

Benfey, in the introduction to his edition of _Pantschatantra_, i.,
112, contends that the story is of Oriental origin, showing Buddhistic
traits in the kindly relations between the slave and the lion; but the
parallels he gives are by no means convincing, though the general
evidence for Oriental provenance of many of Phaedrus' fables gives a
certain plausibility to this derivation. From our present standpoint
this is of less importance since Androcles, though it has spread
through Europe and is current among the folk, is clearly of literary
origin and is one of the few examples where we can trace such literary
spread.

XIV. DAY DREAMING

I have given the story of the barber's fifth brother from the _Arabian
Nights_ as another example of the rare instances of tales that have
become current among the folk, but which can be definitely traced to
literary sources, though possibly, in the far-off past, it was a folk
tale arising in the East. The various stages by which the story came
into Europe have been traced by Benfey in the introduction to his
edition of _Pantschatantra_, Sec. 209, and after him by Max Mueller in
his essay "On the Migration of Fables" (_Chips from a German
Workshop_, iv., 145-209; it was thus a chip from another German's
workshop). It came to Europe before the _Arabian Nights_ and became
popular in La Fontaine's fable of Perrette who counted her chickens
before they were hatched, as the popular phrase puts it. In such a
case one can only give a reproduction of the literary _source_, and it
is a problem which of the various forms which appear in the folk books
should be chosen. I have selected that from the _Thousand and One
Nights_ because I have given elsewhere the story of Perrette (Jacobs,
_AEsop's Fables_, No. 45), and did not care to repeat it in this place.
I have made my version a sort of composite from those of Mr. Payne a