mations of the Great Charter.)

(15-16) The powers of lords over their tenants are limited and defined.

(17-19) A Court of Common Pleas is to be held in some fixed place so that
suitors are not obliged to follow the King's Curia. Cases touching the
ownership of land are to be tried in the counties by visiting justices, and
by four knights chosen by the county.

(20-23) No freeman is to be fined beyond his offence, and the penalty is to
be fixed by a local jury. Earls and barons to be fined by their peers; and
clerks only according to the amount of their lay property.

(24-33) The powers of sheriffs, constables, coroners, and bailiffs of the
King are strictly defined. No sheriff is to be a justice in his own county.
Royal officers are to pay for all the goods taken by requisition; money is
not to be taken in lieu of service from those who are willing to perform
the service. The horses and carts of freemen are not to be seized for royal
work without consent. The weirs in the Thames, Medway, and other rivers in
England are to be removed.

(34-38) Uniformity of weights and measures is directed. Inquests are to be
granted freely. The sole wardship of minors who have other lords will not
be claimed by the King, except in special cases. No bailiff may force a man
to ordeal without witnesses.

(39-40) No free man is to be taken, imprisoned, ousted of his land,
outlawed, banished, or hurt in any way save by the judgment of his peers,
or the law of the land. The King is not to sell, delay, or deny right or
justice to anyone.

(41-42) Merchants may go out or come in without paying exorbitant customs.
All "lawful" men are to have a free right to pass in and out of England in
time of peace.

(44-47) An inquiry into the Forest Laws and a reform of the forest abuses
are promised. All forests made in present reign to be disforested, and all
fences in rivers thrown down.

(49-60) The foreign mercenaries of the King, all the detested gang that
came with horses and arms to the hurt of the realm, are to be sent out of
the country. The Welsh princes and the King of Scots (who had sided with
the barons) are to have justice done. A general amnesty for all political
offences arising from the struggle is made.

The last three articles appointed twenty-five barons, chosen out of the
whole baronage, to watch over the keeping of the Charter. They were
empowered to demand that any breach of the articles should at once be put
right, and,