7 | 30 min. | 3 | 3
9 | 60 min. | 4 | 6
+--------------+---------+---------
Totals | 510 min. | 24 | 43
-----------------+--------------+---------+---------

Not all trips made by parents resulted in successful feeding of young;
some visits seemed to be purely for inspecting the young. On other
occasions the adults experienced difficulty in transferring food to
the young, and, thus thwarted, would themselves eat the food. Nice
(1929:17) estimated that from five to twelve of a total of
seventy-five meals were eaten by adults.

_Nest Sanitation_

Both parents regularly removed fecal sacs from the nest, eating them
for the first five days and thereafter carrying them off and
presumably dropping them. It is doubtful that fecal sacs were actively
removed in the last two days of nestling life as the bottoms of nests
from which young flew away were invariably covered with excrement.

On several occasions a parent brought food to the nest and then
remained perched on the rim alternately peering into the nest and then
preening. Once bill swiping was observed and another time an adult
male sang once. The adult remained at the nest from twenty seconds to
a full minute.

_Fledging_

Eight young were fledged from the four nests in 1959. The nestling
period lasted from nine to twelve days. Human interference may have
been largely responsible for the fledging of the young at nine days.
Pitelka and Koestner (1942:100) found nestling life to last eleven
days. Nolan (1960:235) reports nestling periods varying from 10.5 to
12 days. The young Red-eyed Vireo is ready to leave the nest at ten
days but often remains an additional day before departing (Lawrence,
1953:68).

The oldest nestling at nest 2-a (1959) hopped out on June 17, 1959,
when I disturbed the parents. On this date the juvenal plumage was
only partly developed and the young bird was incapable of flight. By
the tenth day of nestling life the young in all the nests were
observed to hop to the rim, flutter their wings, hop back into the
nest and also to preen and scratch their heads. The young at fledging
are usually completely feathered, but have notably short tails and
relatively short, stubby wings. According to Ridgeway (1904:205) the
juvenal plumage is much like that of the adult.

_Nest Parasites_

Pitelka and Koestner (1942:103) found that incubating a