couraged in him, or even
mentioned. He knew not how to look at a landscape nor at a sky. Of
plants and trees he was as exquisitely ignorant as of astronomy. It had
not occurred to him to wonder why the days are longer in summer, and he
vaguely supposed that the cold of winter was due to an increased
distance of the earth from the sun. Still, he had learnt that Saturn
had a ring, and sometimes he unconsciously looked for it in the
firmament, as for a tea-tray.

Of art, and the arts, he had been taught nothing. He had never seen a
great picture or statue, nor heard great orchestral or solo music; and
he had no idea that architecture was an art and emotional, though it
moved him in a very peculiar fashion. Of the art of English literature,
or of any other literature, he had likewise been taught nothing. But he
knew the meaning of a few obsolete words in a few plays of Shakespeare.
He had not learnt how to express himself orally in any language, but
through hard drilling he was so genuinely erudite in accidence and
syntax that he could parse and analyse with superb assurance the most
magnificent sentences of Milton, Virgil, and Racine. This skill,
together with an equal skill in utilising the elementary properties of
numbers and geometrical figures, was the most brilliant achievement of
his long apprenticeship.

And now his education was finished. It had cost his father twenty-eight
shillings a term, or four guineas a year, and no trouble. In younger
days his father had spent more money and far more personal attention on
the upbringing of a dog. His father had enjoyed success with dogs
through treating them as individuals. But it had not happened to him,
nor to anybody in authority, to treat Edwin as an individual.
Nevertheless it must not be assumed that Edwin's father was a callous
and conscienceless brute, and Edwin a martyr of neglect. Old Clayhanger
was, on the contrary, an average upright and respectable parent who had
given his son a thoroughly sound education, and Edwin had had the good
fortune to receive that thoroughly sound education, as a preliminary to
entering the world.

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FOUR.

He was very far from realising the imperfections of his equipment for
the grand entry; but still he was not without uneasiness. In particular
the conversation incident to the canal-boat wager was disturbing him.
It amazed him, as he reflected,