apacity,
these advanced industrial communities are ceasing to be competitors
for the means of life or for the right to live--except in so far as the
predatory propensities of their ruling classes keep up the tradition of
war and rapine. These communities are no longer hostile to one another
by force of circumstances, other than the circumstances of tradition
and temperament. Their material interests--apart, possibly, from
the interests of the collective good fame--are not only no longer
incompatible, but the success of any one of the communities
unquestionably furthers the fullness of life of any other community in
the group, for the present and for an incalculable time to come. No one
of them any longer has any material interest in getting the better
of any other. The same is not true in the same degree as regards
individuals and their relations to one another.

The collective interests of any modern community center in industrial
efficiency. The individual is serviceable for the ends of the community
somewhat in proportion to his efficiency in the productive employments
vulgarly so called. This collective interest is best served by honesty,
diligence, peacefulness, good-will, an absence of self-seeking, and
an habitual recognition and apprehension of causal sequence, without
admixture of animistic belief and without a sense of dependence on any
preternatural intervention in the course of events. Not much is to
be said for the beauty, moral excellence, or general worthiness and
reputability of such a prosy human nature as these traits imply; and
there is little ground of enthusiasm for the manner of collective life
that would result from the prevalence of these traits in unmitigated
dominance. But that is beside the point. The successful working of a
modern industrial community is best secured where these traits concur,
and it is attained in the degree in which the human material is
characterized by their possession. Their presence in some measure is
required in order to have a tolerable adjustment to the circumstances of
the modern industrial situation. The complex, comprehensive, essentially
peaceable, and highly organized mechanism of the modern industrial
community works to the best advantage when these traits, or most of
them, are present in the highest practicable degree. These traits are
present in a markedly less degree in the man of the predatory type than
is useful for the purposes of the modern collective li