, arising out of the Anglo-Norman
invasion. It was founded about 1190 by John Comyn, archbishop of Dublin;
but there was a church dedicated to the same saint before. It was burnt
about two hundred years later, but was raised from its ruins with
increased splendour. At the Reformation it was deprived of its status as
a cathedral, and the building was used for some of the purposes of the
courts of justice. Edward VI. contemplated its change into a university,
but the project was defeated. In the succeeding reign of Mary, St
Patrick's was restored to its primary destination. The installations of
the knights of St Patrick, the first of which took place in 1783, were
originally held here, and some of their insignia are preserved in the
choir. This cathedral contains the monuments of several illustrious
persons, amongst which the most celebrated are those of Swift (dean of
this cathedral), of Mrs Hester Johnson, immortalized under the name of
"Stella"; of Archbishop Marsh; of the first earl of Cork; and of Duke
Schomberg, who fell at the battle of the Boyne. The tablet over
Schomberg's grave contains what Macaulay called a "furious libel,"
though it only states that the duke's relatives refused the expense of
the tablet. In the cathedral may be seen the chain ball which killed
General St Ruth at the battle of Aughrim, and the spurs which he wore.
The cathedral was restored by Sir Benjamin Lee Guinness (1864), whom a
fine statue by John Henry Foley commemorates, and the work was resumed
by his son Lord Iveagh in 1900. Attached to the cathedral is Marsh's
library, incorporated in 1707, by a request of Primate Marsh, archbishop
of Armagh. It contains a good number of theological works and of
manuscripts, and is open to the public; but is deficient in modern
publications.

The Castle.

Dublin Castle stands high, and occupies about ten acres of ground, but
excepting St Patrick's Hall, the apartments are small, and the building
is of a motley and unimposing appearance, with the exception of the
chapel (a Gothic building of the early 19th century) and great tower.
The castle was originally built in the first two decades of the 13th
century; and there are portions of this period, but nearly the whole is
of the 16th century and later. In St Patrick's hall where the knights of
St Patrick are invested, are the banners of that order. Opposite the
castle is the city hall (1779), in the possession of the corporation,
with statues in