private farmers (officially
called villagers), collective and individual artisans, collective and
private traders, free professions, clergymen, and unemployed and unknown
(see table 4).

In the 1967-70 period several of these groups disappeared. The
individual farmers were all collectivized; the artisan collectives were
converted to state industrial enterprises; the private traders, except
the peasant open markets, were reduced to a minimum, and members of the
clergy were sent to work either in industrial plants or agricultural
collectives.

The number of families almost doubled in the 1945-60 period. In the
cities they grew from 48,800 to 95,500 and in the countryside, from
148,000 to 184,305. The greatest rate of increase, almost 8 percent,
occurred during the 1950-55 period in the urban sector; this was
attributed primarily to the creation of an industrial base.

The expansion of the existing cities, especially the capital city of
Tirana, caused by the establishment of a number of industrial projects,
drew people from the rural regions into the urban centers. This new
migration was reinforced by the relocation of entire families. In
addition, new family units were formed by the younger migrants once they
settled in the newly developing industrial centers. During the decade
of the 1950s the trend was toward larger families.

_Table 4. Social Composition of the Population of Albania_*
_(according to the 1960 official census)_

Average
Number of Number of number per
Social Groups families persons Males Females family

Workers 79,804 433,040 237,307 195,733 5.9
Employees (civil
servants) 36,891 182,913 98,279 84,634 4.3
Collective farmers 105,778 670,422 331,269 339,153 6.8
Private farmers 44,419 275,169 136,683 138,486 6.4
Collective artisans 5,255 35,056 17,304 17,752 5.3
Individual artisans 1,846 8,950 4,683 4,267 5.4
Collective traders 431 2,328 1,216 1,112 5.0
Private traders 751 3,474 1,880 1,594 5.0
Free professions 166 889 498 391 4.1
Clergymen 831 2,785 1,668 1,117 n.a.
Unemployed and
unknown