0;
decrease in size of farms, 40, 41;
government of, by army, 42;
divided into five military districts, 43;
new constitutions of its States, 46;
readmission to Union, 47, 49;
repudiation of debts, 51;
normal politics Democratic, 52, 54, 79.
_See also_ New South.

South Dakota, admitted to Union, 152;
first State to adopt initiative and referendum, 250.

Southern Pacific Railroad, 145, 148;
passes into control of Union Pacific, 294, 295;
merger dissolved, 330.

Spain, sends Gen. Weyler to Cuba, 260;
embittered against United States by filibustering parties, 261;
changes of Ministry in, 262;
declines mediation, but recalls Gen. Weyler, 263;
establishes a sort of autonomy for Cuba, 263;
war with United States begun, 264;
loses fleet at Manila, 267;
and another at Santiago, 272;
army at Santiago surrenders, 272;
loses Cuba, Porto Rico, the Philippine Islands, and Guam, 273.

Squatters, 21, 155.

Stalwarts, the, support Conkling against Garfield, 103;
claimed as friends by Guiteau, 105;
relations with Arthur, 109, 126.

Standard Oil Company, the, 166, 167;
suit against, brought by Ohio, 168;
history of, 310;
charges of extorting rebates, 311, 312;
dissolved, 330, 331.

Standard time, adopted by American railroads, 148.

Stanford, Leland, 25.

Stanton, Edwin M., 3, 35.

Star route frauds, 103, 104, 105, 113.

Steel industry, the, 16, 297, 298.

Steffens, Lincoln, 310.

Stevens, Thaddeus, 30, 34.

Stevenson, Adlai E., Vice-President with Cleveland, 215;
nominated with Bryan, 279.

Strathcona, Lord, interested in Canadian railways, 148.

Strikes, 121; Pullman, 222;
at Cripple Creek, 222, 301;
at Homestead, 299;
in Pennsylvania coal fields, 299, 300.

Sumner, Charles, 34, 55.

Surplus, embarrassing, 93, 173;
an incentive to extravagance, 116, 136, 138;
easily relieved, 174;
nearly exhausted, 216.

Taft, William II., decision as Circuit Judge against an industrial
combination, 299;
recalled from Philippines to be Secretary of War, 317;
Roosevelt's choice for Presidency, 324;
nominated and elected (1908), 325;
urges tariff revision, 326, 327;
alienates some of the Republican lenders, 327, 328;
in the Pinchot-Ballinger dispute, 328, 329;
pushes anti-trust suits, 330, 331;
extends civil service, 331;
negotiates arbitration treaties with Great Britain and France, 331, 332;
renominated (1912), 336;