ates may exercise certain
powers, it is only with the consent of Congress. For instance: "No State
shall, _without the consent of Congress_, lay any duty of tonnage, keep
troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or
compact with another State or with a foreign power." Here is a magistral
power accorded to Congress, utterly inconsistent with the pretensions of
State Rights. Then, again: "No State shall, _without the consent of the
Congress_, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what
may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws; and the
net produce of all duties and imposts laid by any State on imports or
exports shall be for the use of the treasury of the United States; _and
all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the
Congress_." Here, again, is a similar magistral power accorded to
Congress, and, as if still further to deprive the States of their much
vaunted sovereignty, the laws which they make with the consent of
Congress are expressly declared to be subject "to the revision and
control of the Congress." But there is another instance still. According
to the Constitution, "Full faith and credit shall be given in each State
to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other
State": but here mark the controlling power of Congress, which is
authorized to "prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and
proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof."

SUPREMACY OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT.

But there are five other provisions of the Constitution by which its
supremacy is positively established. 1. "The citizens of each State
shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the
several States." As Congress has the exclusive power to establish "an
uniform rule of naturalization," it may, under these words of the
Constitution, secure for its newly entitled citizens "all privileges and
immunities of citizens in the several States," in defiance of State
Rights. 2. "New States may be admitted _by the Congress_ into this
Union." According to these words, the States cannot even determine their
associates, but are dependent in this respect upon the will of Congress.
3. But not content with taking from the States these important powers of
sovereignty, it is solemnly declared that the Constitution, and the laws
of the United States made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties under
the authority of the Un