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will: The content of the will--The function of the will--How the will exerts its compulsion. 2. The extent of voluntary control over our acts: Simple reflex acts--Instinctive acts--Automatic, or spontaneous acts--The cycle from volitional to automatic--Volitional action--Volition acts in the making of decisions--Types of decision--The reasonable type--Accidental type: External motives--Accidental type: Subjective motives--Decision under effort. 3. Strong and weak wills: Not a will, but wills--Objective tests a false measure of will power. 4. Volitional types: The impulsive type--The obstructed will--The normal will. 5. Training the will: Will to be trained in common round of duties--School work and will-training. 6. Freedom of the will, or the extent of its control: Limitations of the will--These limitations and conditions of freedom. 7. Problems in observation and introspection. . 271 CHAPTER XVIII SELF-EXPRESSION AND DEVELOPMENT 1. Interrelation of impression and expression: The many sources of impressions--All impressions lead toward expression--Limitations of expression. 2. The place of expression in development: Intellectual value of expression--Moral value of expression--Religious value of expression--Social value of expression. 3. Educational use of expression: Easier to provide for the impression side of education--The school to take up the handicrafts--Expression and character--Two lines of development. 4. Problems in introspection and observation . . . . . 294 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 THE MIND AND ITS EDUCATION CHAPTER I THE MIND, OR CONSCIOUSNESS We are to study the mind and its education; but how? It is easy to understand how we may investigate the great world of material things about us; for we can see it, touch it, weigh it, or measure it. But how are we to discover the nature of the mind, or come to know the processes by which consciousness works? For mind is intangible; we cannot see it, feel it, taste it, or handle it. Mind belongs not to the realm of matter which is known to the senses, but to the realm of _spirit_, which the senses can never grasp. And yet the mind can be known and studied as truly and as scientifically as can the world of matter. Let us first of all see how this can be done. 1. HOW MIND IS TO BE KNOWN THE PERSONAL CHARACTER OF CONSCIOUSNESS.--Mind can be observed and known. But each one can know d
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