f old wainscot mix equal parts of
burnt umber and brown ochre. For new oak, bird's-eye maple, birch,
satin-wood, or any similar light yellowish woods, whiting or white-lead,
tinted with orange chrome, or by yellow ochre and a little size. For
walnut, brown umber, glue size, and water; or by burnt umber very
moderately modified with yellow ochre. For rosewood, Venetian red tinted
with lamp-black. For ebony, ivory-black; but for the common ebonised
work lamp-black is generally used.

When the colouring is dry, it should be rubbed down with a piece of worn
fine glass-paper, and polished with beeswax rubbed on a very hard
brush--a worn-out scrubbing-brush is as good as anything--or it can be
well rubbed with Dutch rush. In polishing always rub the way of the
grain. The cheap work seldom gets more than a coat of colour rubbed off
with shavings.

=Cheap but Valuable Stain for the Sap of Black Walnut.=--Take 1 gallon
of strong vinegar, 1 lb. dry burnt umber, 1/2 lb. fine rose-pink, 1/2
lb. dry burnt Vandyke brown. Put them into a jug and mix them well; let
the mixture stand one day, and it will then be ready for use. Apply this
stain to the sap with a piece of fine sponge; it will dry in half an
hour. The whole piece is then ready for the filling process. When
completed, the stained part cannot be detected even by those who have
performed the work. This recipe is of value, as by it wood of poor
quality and mostly of sap can be used with good effect.

=Polish for Removing Stains, etc., from Furniture (American).=--Take 1/2
pint alcohol, 1/4 oz. pulverised resin, 1/4 oz. gum shellac, 1/2 pint boiled
linseed-oil. Shake the mixture well, and apply it with a sponge, brush,
or cotton flannel, rubbing well after the application.

=Walnut Stain to be used on Pine and White-wood.=--Take 1 gallon of very
thin sized shellac; add 1 lb. of dry burnt umber, 1 lb. of dry burnt
sienna, and 1/4 lb. of lamp-black. Put these articles into a jug, and
shake frequently until they are mixed. Apply one coat with a brush. When
the work is dry, sand-paper down with fine paper, and apply one coat of
shellac or cheap varnish. It will then be a good imitation of solid
walnut, and will be adapted for the back-boards of mirror-frames, for
the backside and inside of case-work, and for similar work.

=Rosewood Stain.=--Take 1 lb. of logwood chips, 1/2 lb. of red-sanders,
1/2 gallon of water. Boil over a fire until the full strength is
obtained. A