otect us from this device of
northern Abolitionists." They "worked night and day, personally and by
letter," and, after the defeat of ratification in the Alabama
Legislature, Mrs. Pinckard and others transferred their efforts to
those of Louisiana and Tennessee, where they "lobbied" for many days.

[4] Among the men in the State who were especially active and helpful
were: Colonel Bibb Graves and John H. Wallace, of Montgomery; L. B.
Musgrove, of Jasper; Judge W. R. Chapman, of Dothan; H. H. Patterson,
of Atmore; John W. Abercrombie, of Anniston; John D. McNeel, Phil
Painter, Ex-Governor B. B. Comer, James Weatherly, Fred M. Jackson and
John R. Hornaday of Birmingham.

Among those especially active in opposition were: Congressman John H.
Bankhead, Jr., of Jasper; C. Brooks Smith, Judge John R. Tyson and Ray
Rushton, of Montgomery; R. A. Mitchell, of Gadsden; Wiley Tunstall and
Len F. Greer, of Anniston; Judge Joe Evans, Martin Calhoun and Joe
Green, of Selma; W. W. Brandon, of Tuscaloosa; John D. Leigh, of
Brewton; Emmett O'Neal and E. D. Smith, of Birmingham.

CHAPTER II.

ARIZONA.[5]

Since this chapter is to commence with the year 1900, this will be
where Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt and Miss Mary Garrett Hay, chairman and
member of the Organization Committee of the National American Woman
Suffrage Association left off in the spring of 1899 after they had
spent a month laboring with the Territorial Legislature. They
succeeded in getting a bill through the Lower House by a vote of two
to one but by the deciding vote of Morris Goldwater of Prescott,
president of the Council or Upper House, it was sent to a committee
and prevented from coming to a vote. The hand of the "boss" of the
saloon-keepers was clearly recognized in the game that was played.

Undaunted Mrs. Catt and Miss Hay came back in 1900 and organized the
first full-fledged suffrage association in the Territory, with Mrs.
Pauline O'Neill, wife of that staunch suffrage friend, the gallant
Rough Rider, William O'Neill, as its president; Mrs. Lida P. Robinson,
corresponding secretary; Mrs. Frances W. Munds, recording secretary,
Mrs. Porter of Phoenix, treasurer. All were inexperienced and the
society did not flourish and although 1900 was election year no
pre-election pledges were obtained. A Territorial Legislature can
extend suffrage to women without referring the question to the voters.
A bill for this purpose was introduced in 1901 through a comm