an antagonistic force. Contrast should not be so great as
to exclude sympathy.

Too great difference in age is dangerous for attachment, for it causes
too great a divergence in the aims and interests of life. Education
and social equality also favors love, and this tends to preserve class
distinction. It is rare for a well-educated man to fall in love with a
peasant, or a laboring man with an educated woman, except in a sensual
way. Men generally avoid marriage with individuals of another race, or
of another religion.

Endogamy and exogamy do not form such an absolute contrast as at first
sight might appear. Even among exogamous races, there is a limit which
must not be passed. These races often prohibit marriage with
individuals of another race. Among the Arabs, for example, the
instinct of ethnical separation is so strong, that the same Bedouin
wife who will prostitute herself for money with Turks or Europeans,
would think it dishonorable to marry one of them. In this way custom
produces endogamy of caste and class among the same people. The same
with the nobility; in ancient Rome it was forbidden for a patrician to
marry a plebeian. Sometimes an endogamy of religious origin is met
with, among the Jews for example.

Children are treasures for the man of low culture, while they become a
burden to the cultivated man. In spite of this the natural man
ardently desires children. In Switzerland, two-fifths of the divorces
occur in sterile unions, although the latter only form one-fifth of
all marriages.

Calculation often smothers sentiment when it becomes the basis of
marriage. We live to-day under the sway of Mammon, with the result
that the influence of love, strength, beauty, capacity for work,
intelligence, skill, character and even health, count for little
compared with money in the question of marriage. This sad sign is
really a new form of marriage by purchase, hypocritically disguised.

MARRIAGE BY RAPE AND MARRIAGE BY PURCHASE

The rape of women is an established custom in some regions. Certain
marriage ceremonies prove that rape was formerly much more common than
at the present day. Among certain Indian tribes the simulation of rape
and abduction of the woman form part of the marriage ceremonies;
custom requiring that the woman must feign to resist.

According to Spencer, marriage by rape originated in the prudery of
woman, while MacLennan attributes it to the predominance of exogamy;
but, in reality,