rtability I prefer a curved one that
has a draw cut. It has also an aesthetic element and doesn't look like
a meat saw, which can't be said of Mr. Jones's saw that seduced Dr.
Morris from church. For heavy and steady work I much prefer a
carpenter's sharp hand saw. A two-edged saw is an abomination devised by
conscienceless manufacturers for the seduction of innocent amateurs.

For pruning shears I have a personal fancy for the French, hand-made
instrument, each one individual, a work of art and a potential legacy to
one's horticultural heir, if one doesn't let the village blacksmith
monkey with it, as I did with mine.

On some grafts it is desirable to use a bit of paper, either beneath or
outside of the raffia, to make waxing easier. For this I have found
scraps of Japanese paper napkin very adaptive to surfaces and absorptive
of wax.

On very heavy grafts Dr. Morris uses the Spanish windlass, as devised by
him, for which he carries sisal cord, wooden or metal meat skewers,
small staples and a mallet. He uses a chisel to cut slots in very thick
bark and planes for shaping heavy grafts.

I have tried fastening in grafts with a nail, using iron and brass nails
and bank pins. Mr. Jones has suggested cement covered nails. My
experience with iron nails is that they damage the scions. The use of
nails has not been fully worked out. They are almost essential in bridge
grafting apple trees. I think that just the right kind of a staple might
be a help with some kinds of grafts.

Paper bags, 2 pound size, are sometimes wanted, for protection from sun
or insects or to make the grafts conspicuous. Mr. Jones shades grafts
made close to the ground with a slip of paper.

For labels for immediate use the wooden ones, painted on one side and
with copper wire fastening, are satisfactory. Attach them by the
nurseryman's method, which it has taken me many years to recognize as
the right one, by twisting the _doubled_ wire around a convenient
object. Do not separate the wires which will probably permit the label
to flap in the wind and soon wear out the wires. I used to think that
the nurseryman's method was the result of hurry or laziness.

Copper labels, to be written on with a stylus, cost 1-1/2 or 2 cents
each, according to size. The smaller I consider preferable. I imagined
that these would solve the label problem. Picture my disappointment when
I found that many of them cracked, or broke off entirely near the
eyelet, from fl