. . . . . . . . . . 479
From LIVINGSTONE'S _Last Journals_, by permission of Mr. John
Murray.

Livingstone at Work on his Journal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481
From a Sketch by H. M. STANLEY.

Livingstone entering the Hut at Ilala on the Night that he Died . 483
From LIVINGSTONE'S _Last Journals_, by permission of Mr. John
Murray.

The last Entries in Livingstone's Diary . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484

Susi, Livingstone's Servant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
From a Sketch by H. M. STANLEY.

Stanley and his Men marching through Unyoro . . . . . . . . . . . 489
From a Sketch, by STANLEY, in _Through the Dark Continent_.

"Towards the Unknown": Stanley's Canoes starting from Vinya
Njara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495
From _Through the Dark Continent_.

The Seventh Cataract--Stanley Falls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496
From _Through the Dark Continent_.

The Fight below the Confluence of the Aruwimi and Livingstone
Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497
From a Sketch, by STANLEY, in _Through the Dark Continent_.

Nordenskiold's Ship, the _Vega_, saluting Cape Chelyuskin . . . . 505
From a Drawing in HOVGAARD'S _Nordenskiold's Voyage_.

Menka, Chief of the Chukches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

The _Vega_ frozen in for the Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
From a Drawing in HOVGAARD'S _Nordenskiold's Voyage_.

The Potala at Lhasa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513
From KIRCHER'S _China Illustrata_.

Dr. Nansen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
After a Photograph.

The Ship that went Farthest North: the _Fram_ . . . . . . . . . . 527
From a Photograph.

A BOOK OF DISCOVERY

CHAPTER I

A LITTLE OLD WORLD

No story is complete unless it begins at the very beginning. But where
is the beginning? Where is the dawn of geography--the knowledge of
our earth? What was it like before the first explorers made their way
into distant lands? Every day that passes we are gaining fresh
knowledge of the dim and silent past.

Every day men are patiently digging in the old heaps that were once
the sites of busy cities, and, as a result of their unwearying toil,
they are revealing to us the life-stories of those who dwelt therein;
they are disclosing secrets writ on weather-worn stones and tablets,
bri