of
Carmel," and Carmel itself signifies "God's vineyard!"

{243} They afterwards dwindled to two families, the rest removing to
Caiffa as that port rose in prosperity.

{265} Shakespeare; or as Ronsard has it:--

"qui _tire l'ire_
Des esprits mieux que je n'ecris."

{301} Yet there was a "city of palm-trees" towards the south, which the
Kenites abandoned for this district south of Arad,--probably the present
_Nukh'l_; the name has that signification.

{302} There are many such _cachets_ of water in the desert, but known
only to the tribes of each district. During the Israelitish wanderings,
Hobab, a native of the desert, may have guided them to many such.

{304} It is not to be supposed, however, that this is a just
representation of all that "great and terrible wilderness" through which
the Israelites were led for forty years. It is indeed "a land not sown,"
(Jer. ii. 2,) and a land of pits and drought fearful to contemplate, as a
journey for a wandering population of nearly two millions of souls,
especially in the hottest seasons of the year; but the peculiarly
terrible wilderness must have been among the defiles, hemmed in by
scorching cliffs in the Sinaitic peninsula.

In that direction also were the "fiery flying serpents," concerning which
I have never been able to learn anything more satisfactory than that, in
the hot and unpeopled gorges west of the Dead Sea, there is a thin and
yellow serpent called the Neshabiyeh, which flings itself across from one
point to another in the air with astonishing velocity and force. It is
therefore named after Neshabeh, a dart or arrow in Arabic. The natives
also apply to it the epithet of "flying." The wound which it inflicts is
said to be highly inflammatory and deadly, and from this effect it may be
called "fiery." It may be also that, from being of a yellow colour, it
may glitter like a flame when flying with rapidity in the sunshine.

It is only in Isaiah xxx. 6, that the epithet "flying" is used for these
serpents. Observe, however, in Hebrew Lexicons the several applications
of this word [Hebrew text].

{309} Dr H. Bonar.

{316} They take a pride in attributing everything of antiquity here to
Pharaoh, the cursed king of Egypt,--as those about the Euphrates
attribute all their old wonders to the cursed king Nimrod. These names
are learned from the Koran.

{320} Numerous travellers, however, have since gone from Jerusalem in
vi