FREE BOOKS

Author's List




PREV.   NEXT  
|<   24   25   26   27   28   29   30   31   32   33   34   35   36   37   38   39   40   41   42   43   44   >>  
t, And sing in heaven, while you serenely rest; On trembling dewdrops morn's first glance shall shine, Eve's latest beams on this fair bank decline, And oft the rainbow steal through light and gloom, To throw its sudden arch across your tomb; On you the moon her sweetest influence shower, And every planet bless you in its hour. With statelier honours still, in Time's slow round, Shall this sepulchral eminence be crown'd; Where generations long to come shall hail The growth of centuries waving in the gale, A forest landmark, on the mountain's head, Standing betwixt the living and the dead; Nor, while your language lasts, shall travellers cease To say, at sight of your memorial, "Peace!" Your voice of silence answering from the sod, "Whoe'er thou art, prepare to meet thy God!" _Blackwood's Magazine_. * * * * * THE STEAM ENGINE SIMPLIFIED. It is a universal property of matter, that by the application of heat, so as to raise its temperature, it suffers an increase in its magnitude. Also in different substances, when certain temperatures are attained by the application of fire, or other methods of heating, they undergo a change of form. Solids, at certain temperatures, are converted into liquids; and liquids, in like manner, when heated to certain degrees, become aeriform fluids or gases. These changes are familiar to every one in the ordinary phenomena attending water. Below the temperature of 32 deg. of the common thermometer, that substance exists in the solid form, and is called _ice_. Above that temperature it passes into the liquid state, and is called _water_; and when raised to the temperature of 212 deg., under ordinary circumstances, it passes into the aeriform state, and is called _steam_. It is to this last change that we wish at present principally to call the attention of the reader. In the transition of water from the liquid state to the state of vapour or steam, an immense change of bulk takes place. In this change, a solid inch of water enlarges its size about 1,700 times, and forms 1,700 solid inches of steam. This expansion takes place accompanied with a certain force or pressure, by which the vapour has a tendency to burst the bounds of any vessel which contains it. The steam which fills 1,700 solid inches at the temperature of 212 deg., will, if cooled below that temperature, return to the liquid form, and occupy only one
PREV.   NEXT  
|<   24   25   26   27   28   29   30   31   32   33   34   35   36   37   38   39   40   41   42   43   44   >>  



Top keywords:

temperature

 

change

 

liquid

 
called
 

aeriform

 

inches

 

liquids

 
ordinary
 

vapour

 

application


temperatures

 

passes

 

familiar

 

exists

 

thermometer

 

common

 

latest

 

attending

 
phenomena
 

substance


fluids

 
heating
 

undergo

 
methods
 

attained

 

decline

 
Solids
 
degrees
 

heated

 

converted


manner
 
tendency
 

bounds

 

dewdrops

 
pressure
 

expansion

 

accompanied

 
vessel
 

return

 

occupy


cooled

 

present

 

principally

 
glance
 

raised

 

circumstances

 
attention
 
reader
 
enlarges
 

transition