icine for the year 1433, twenty in all, and
there were special lectures for the morning, afternoon and evening. The
subjects are medicine, practical medicine, physics, metaphysics, logic,
astrology, surgery and rhetoric: very striking is the omission of
anatomy, which does not appear in the list even in 1467. The salaries
paid were not large, so that most of the teachers must have been in
practice: four hundred and five hundred florins was the maximum.

The dominance of the Arabians is striking. In 1467, special lectures
were given on the "Almansor" of Rhazes, and in the catalogue of
the Ferrari's library more than one half of the books are Arabian
commentaries on Greek medicine. Still more striking evidence of their
influence is found in the text-book of Ferrari, which was printed in
1471 and had been circulated earlier in MS. In it Avicenna is quoted
more than 3000 times, Rhazes and Galen 1000, Hippocrates only 140
times. Professor Ferrari was a man who played an important role in
the university, and had a large consultation practice. You will be
interested to know what sort of advice he gave in special cases. I have
the record of an elaborate consultation written in his own hand, from
which one may gather what a formidable thing it was to fall into the
hands of a mediaeval physician. Signor John de Calabria had a digestive
weakness of the stomach, and rheumatic cerebral disease, combined with
superfluous heat and dryness of the liver and multiplication of choler.
There is first an elaborate discussion on diet and general mode of life;
then he proceeds to draw up certain light medicines as a supplement,
but it must have taken an extensive apothecary's shop to turn out the
twenty-two prescriptions designed to meet every possible contingency.

One of the difficulties in the early days of the universities was to
procure good MSS. In the Paris Faculty, the records of which are the
most complete in Europe, there is an inventory for the year 1395 which
gives a list of twelve volumes, nearly all by Arabian authors.(25)
Franklin gives an interesting incident illustrating the rarity of
medical MSS. at this period. Louis XI, always worried about his health,
was anxious to have in his library the works of Rhazes. The only copy
available was in the library of the medical school. The manuscript was
lent, but on excellent security, and it is nice to know that it was
returned.

(25) Franklin: Recherches sur la Bibliotheque d