gency in preserving an equilibrium of species, 671.
----, fossil, 748.

Instincts, migratory, occasional development of, in animals, 642.
----, hereditary, 593, 596.
----, modified by domestication, 595.

Insular climates, description of, 94.

Inverness-shire, inroads of sea on coast of, 302.

Irawadi, R., silicified wood of, noticed in 1692, 28.

Ireland, raised beaches on coast of, 122.
----, reptiles of, 645.
----, peat of, and fossils in, 719, 720, 724.
----, deposits in progress off coast of, 774.

Iron, melting point of, 539.
----, in wood, peat, &c., 722.
----, instruments taken up from sea, 760.

Ischia, hot springs of, 247, 456.
----, eruptions and earthquakes in, 360, 365, 456.

Islands, vegetation of small, 112, 615, 667.
----, animals in, 635.
----, formed by the Ganges, 276.
----, migrations of plants aided by, 622.
----, new volcanic, 43, 425, 432, 468.
----, coral, 775.
----, of driftwood, 640.

Isle of Purbeck, vertical chalk in, 318.

Isle of Wight, mammiferous fossils of, 142.
----, waste of its shores, 317.

Isothermal lines, Humboldt on, 95.

Italian geologists, their priority, 19, 23.
----, of the 18th century, 33.

Italy, tertiary strata of, 64, 74.

J.

Jack, Dr., on island of Pulo Nias, 794.

Jamaica, earthquakes in, 350, 504, 517.
----, subsidence in, 504, 517.
----, rain diminished in, by felling of forests, 713.
----, a town swept away by sea in, 731.

Java, volcanoes and earthquakes in, 354, 464, 498, 502.
----, valley of poison in, 353.
----, subsidence of volcano of Papandayang in, 493.
----, river-floods in, 503, 748, 751.

Jones, Sir W., on Institutes of Hindoo law, 5.

Jorullo, eruption of, 349, 428.

Juan Fernandez, 357, 453, 499, 686.

Jukes, Mr., on cliffs in Island of Timor, 794.
----, on volcanic islands near Java, 354.
----, on coral reef, 784.

Jura, Saussure on the, 45.

Jutland, inroads of sea in, 330.

K.

Kamtschatka, volcanoes in, 353.
----, new island near, 468.

Kangaroo, extirpation of; to Australia, 684.

Kashmir. _See_ Cashmere.

Katavothrons of Greece, breccias formed in, 734.

Kazwini on changes in position of land and sea, 19.

Keilhan, Prof., of Christiana, on changes of level in Norway, 529, 531.

Keith on dispersion of plants, 620.

Kent, loss of land on coast of, 312.

Kentucky, caves in li