day" series) are judicious volumes; and
"Campaign Biographies" (1884) were written by W. Dorsheimer, F.E.
Goodrich, P. King and D. Welch. See articles by Woodrow Wilson
(_Atlantic Monthly_, vol. 79; "Cleveland as President"); Carl Schurz
(_McClure's Magazine_, vol. ix.; "Second Administration of Grover
Cleveland"); William Allen White (_McClure's_, vol. 18, "Character
Sketch of Cleveland"), and Henry L. Nelson (_North American Review_,
vol. 188). Also Jesse L. Williams, _Mr Cleveland: A Personal
Impression_ (1909), and G.W. Parker, _Recollections of Grover
Cleveland_ (1909). (H. WH.)

CLEVELAND, a city and port of entry in the state of Ohio, U.S.A., and
the county-seat of Cuyahoga county, the sixth largest city in the United
States. It is on Lake Erie at the mouth of Cuyahoga river, about 260 m.
N.E. of Cincinnati, 357 m. E. of Chicago, and 623 m. W. by N. of New
York. Pop. (1890) 261,353; (1900) 381,768, of whom 124,631 were
foreign-born, 288,591 were of foreign parentage (i.e. having one or both
parents foreign-born), and 5988 were negroes; (1910) 560,663. Of the
124,631, who in 1900 were foreign-born, Germans were greatly predominant
(40,648, or 32.6%), with the Bohemians (13,599, or 10.9%) and Irish
(13,120, or 10.6%) next in importance, the Bohemians being later comers
than the Irish.

The city commands pleasant views from its position on a plateau, which,
at places on bluffs along the shore, has elevations of about 75 ft.
above the water below, and rises gradually toward the S.E. to 115 ft.
and on the extreme E. border to more than 200 ft. above the lake, or
about 800 ft. above sea-level; the surface has, however, been cut deeply
by the Cuyahoga, which here pursues a meandering course through a valley
about 1/2 m. wide, and is also broken by several smaller streams. The
city's shore-line is more than 12 m. long. The city varies considerably
in width, and occupies a total area of about 41 sq. m., much the greater
part of which is E. of the river. The streets are of unusual width
(varying from 60 ft. to 132 ft.); are paved chiefly with Medina dressed
stone, brick and asphalt; and, like the parks, are so well shaded by
maples, elms and other trees, that Cleveland has become known as the
"Forest City." The municipality maintains an efficient forestry
department. About 1/2 m. from the lake and the same distance E. of the
river is the Public Square, or Monumental Park, in the business centre