ed against Pitt out of
doors. When, on December 19, the king and queen went in state to St.
Paul's to return thanks for the three great naval victories won by Howe
over the French, St. Vincent over the Spaniards, and Duncan over the
Dutch, Pitt was hooted by the London mob, and as he returned home was
guarded by a party of horse. This outbreak of ill-temper was of no
important significance. The nation was fully determined to support the
government in its efforts to maintain the safety and honour of England.

FOOTNOTES:

[264] _Dropmore Papers_, iii., 25-30, 50.

[265] _Influence of Sea Power upon the French Revolution_, i., 178, 201.

[266] _Dropmore Papers_, iii., 261.

[267] Perregaux to Lord "Courton" [Auckland], July 16, 1796, Rose to
Auckland, July 29, _Auckland Corr._, iii., 350-52; Pitt to Grenville,
June 23, _Dropmore Papers_, iii., 214.

[268] Pelham to Duke of York, Sept. 22 and Dec. 26, 1796, and Jan. 4,
1797, Add. MS., 33,113; Beresford to Auckland, Jan. 28, 1797, _Auckland
Corr._, iii., 375-77.

[269] _Logs of the Great Sea Fights_, i., 232, 239.

[270] Grenville to Starhemberg, May 3, 1797, _Dropmore Papers_, iii.,
317 _sqq._

[271] _Parl. Hist._, xxxiii., 799, 806.

[272] _Annual Register_, xxxix. (1797), i., 222; ii., 252.

[273] _Parl. Hist._, xxxiii., 477-516.

[274] Grenville to Woronzow, June 5 and 22, _Dropmore Papers_, iii.,
328, 335.

[275] An excellent narrative of the mutinies is given in a series of
articles by Mr. D. Hannay in the _Saturday Review_, June 6 to July 4,
1891.

[276] Letters of George III. and Grenville, June 1, 16 and 17, _Dropmore
Papers_, iii., 327, 329-30; Malmesbury, _Diaries_, iii., 590, 595.

[277] Canning to Grenville, July 31, 1797, _Dropmore Papers_, iii., 337;
see also pp. 341-43; Malmesbury, _Diaries_, iii., 416, 465.

[278] Sorel, _L'Europe et la Revolution Francaise_, v., 259-60.

[279] _Logs of the Great Sea Fights_, i., 258-60, 265 _sqq._; Brenton,
_Naval History_, i., 347-55.

[280] Grenville to Woronzow, Oct. 16, 1797, _Dropmore Papers_, iii.,
381.

CHAPTER XIX.

IRISH REBELLION AND NAVAL SUPREMACY.

In spite of Duncan's victory the French directors were set on an
invasion of England. All their vague designs for the extension of French
supremacy led up to the ruin of the power which they recognised as their
most formidable enemy. From the Adriatic to the North sea a vast
republi