nt inside
and another outside the arm, and tie two bandages, one on each side of
the fracture. Sling the arm in a small arm-sling like the straw
envelope of a bottle.

If the thigh be fractured, get a long splint, such as a broom handle or
a rifle, placing it from the pit of the arm to the foot. Bandage around
the chest, the hip bones, legs, and feet, and then by two bandages, one
above and the other below the fracture.

[Illustration: A Broken Thigh.]

If the leg bone or bones be broken, an umbrella makes a good splint.
Another splint should be applied on the inside of the leg, the two
firmly bandaged together, and finally the legs tied together.

[Illustration: A Broken Leg.]

If the knee-cap only be fractured, tie the leg on a splint from hip to
foot, and keep the limb raised.

Almost any firm substance which can keep the limb at rest can be used
for a splint, but if hard it should be padded. If the fracture is
accompanied with severe bleeding, stop the flow first before attending
to the fracture. (_See_ Wounds.)

Limbs, Inflamed.--Entirely different treatment from the above is needed
for such a thing as inflammation of the elbow, wrist, shoulder-joint or
knee.

Say it is an inflamed elbow that is to be treated. We describe this;
but similar treatment, with very slight variation, such as common sense
will suggest, answers for the other joints.

Have two large plain towels wrung out of cold water, and folded so as
to wrap six ply thick round the elbow. See that the patient is
otherwise warm. Place one of the towels round the joint, and gently
press it (avoiding pain) so as to draw the heat out of every part. When
this is hot substitute the other, and continue with fresh cooling--for
an hour if necessary. The cloth may require to be changed perhaps
thirty times; but the guide to this is furnished by its heating. When
hot, change it. This may be repeated frequently, until the inflammation
is subdued.

Limbs, Uncontrollable.--This trouble is found in the double form;
first, of limbs which will not move when their owner desires to move
them; and, second, limbs moving in excessive jerks when they are not
desired to do so. These cases are often combined, the limbs being rigid
at one time and jerking violently at another. There is no wasting or
unhealthy appearance. We have found this condition caused by excessive
walking, running, and standing, combined with exposure to frequent
wettings. The result is, in