an forgot nothing and abandoned nothing; what was good enough for
his ancestors was good enough for him, and he was content to go into the
next world relying for his salvation on the texts which he thought had
procured their salvation. Thus the Book of the Dead as a whole is a work
that reflects all the religious beliefs of the Egyptians from the time
when they were half savages to the period of the final downfall of their
power.

[Illustration: Vignette and Part of the XCIInd Chapter of the Book of
the Dead. (Ani and his Soul are leaving the Tomb) _From the Papyrus of
the Ani in the British Museum._]

The Theban Recension of the Book of the Dead contains about one hundred
and ninety Chapters, many of which have Rubrics stating what effects
will be produced by their recital, and describing ceremonies that must
be performed whilst they are being recited. It is impossible to describe
the contents of all the Chapters in our limited space, but in the
following brief summary the most important are enumerated. Chap. 1
contains the formulas that were recited on the day of the funeral. Chap.
151 gives a picture of the arrangement of the mummy chamber, and the
texts to be said in it. Chap. 137 describes certain magical ceremonies
that were performed in the mummy chamber, and describes the objects of
magical power that were placed in niches in the four walls. Chap. 125
gives a picture of the Judgment Hall of Osiris, and supplies the
declarations of innocence that the deceased made before the Forty-two
Judges. Chaps. 144-147, 149, and 150 describe the Halls, Pylons, and
Divisions of the Kingdom of Osiris, and supply the name of the gods who
guard them, and the formulas to be said by the deceased as he comes to
each. Chap. 110 gives a picture of the Elysian Fields and a text
describing all the towns and places in them. Chap. 5 is a spell by the
use of which the deceased avoided doing work, and Chap. 6 is another,
the recital of which made a figure to work for him. Chap. 15 contains
hymns to the rising and to the setting sun, and a Litany of Osiris; and
Chap. 183 is a hymn to Osiris. Chaps. 2, 3, 12, 13, and others enabled a
man to move about freely in the Other World; Chap. 9 secured his free
passage in and out of the tomb; and Chap. 11 overthrew his enemies.
Chap. 17 deals with important beliefs as to the origin of God and the
gods, and of the heavens and the earth, and states the different
opinions which Egyptian theologians hel