large quantities of
high-quality marijuana indoors; growing role as a transit point for
heroin and cocaine entering the US market
Economic aid:
donor:
ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $7.2 billion
Currency:
1 Canadian dollar (Can$) = 100 cents
Exchange rates:
Canadian dollars (Can$) per US$1 - 1.3174 (January 1994), 1.2901
(1993), 1.2087 (1992), 1.1457 (1991), 1.1668 (1990), 1.1840 (1989)
Fiscal year:
1 April - 31 March

@Canada, Communications

Railroads:
146,444 km total; two major transcontinental freight railway systems -
Canadian National (government owned) and Canadian Pacific Railway;
passenger service - VIA (government operated); 158 km is electrified
Highways:
total:
884,272 km
paved:
250,023 km
unpaved:
gravel 462,913 km; earth 171,336 km
Inland waterways:
3,000 km, including Saint Lawrence Seaway
Pipelines:
crude and refined oil 23,564 km; natural gas 74,980 km
Ports:
Halifax, Montreal, Quebec, Saint John (New Brunswick), Saint John's
(Newfoundland), Toronto, Vancouver
Merchant marine:
59 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 448,357 GRT/639,319 DWT, bulk 9,
cargo 8, chemical tanker 4, container 1, oil tanker 22, passenger 1,
passenger-cargo 1, railcar carrier 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 6,
short-sea passenger 3, specialized tanker 2
note:
does not include ships used exclusively in the Great Lakes
Airports:
total:
1,356
usable:
1,107
with permanent-surface runways:
458
with runways over 3,659 m:
4
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
29
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
326
Telecommunications:
excellent service provided by modern media; 18.0 million telephones;
broadcast stations - 900 AM, 29 FM, 53 (1,400 repeaters) TV; 5 coaxial
submarine cables; over 300 earth stations operating in INTELSAT
(including 4 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) and domestic systems

@Canada, Defense Forces

Branches:
Canadian Armed Forces (including Land Forces Command, Maritime
Command, Air Command, Communications Command, Training Command), Royal
Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49 7,508,590; fit for military service 6,482,267; reach
military age (17) annually 191,850 (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures:
exchange rate conversion - $10.3 billion, 1.9% of GDP (FY93/94)

@Cape Verde, Geography

Location:
Western Africa, in the southeastern North Atlantic Ocean, 500 km west
of Senegal in Western Af