nd
northern margins mostly flat or gently sloping
Natural resources:
iron ore, petroleum, timber, magnesite, aluminum, lead, coal, lignite,
copper, hydropower
Land use:
arable land:
17%
permanent crops:
1%
meadows and pastures:
24%
forest and woodland:
39%
other:
19%
Irrigated land:
40 sq km (1989)
Environment:
current issues:
some forest degradation caused by air and soil pollution; soil
pollution results from the use of agricultural chemicals; air
pollution results from emissions by coal- and oil-fired power stations
and industrial plants
natural hazards:
NA
international agreements:
party to - Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air
Pollution-Sulphur, Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change, Endangered
Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test
Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber,
Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution-Volatile Organic
Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Law of the
Sea
Note:
landlocked; strategic location at the crossroads of central Europe
with many easily traversable Alpine passes and valleys; major river is
the Danube; population is concentrated on eastern lowlands because of
steep slopes, poor soils, and low temperatures elsewhere

@Austria, People

Population:
7,954,974 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.45% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
11.38 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
10.34 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
3.46 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
7.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
76.65 years
male:
73.44 years
female:
80.03 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.48 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Austrian(s)
adjective:
Austrian
Ethnic divisions:
German 99.4%, Croatian 0.3%, Slovene 0.2%, other 0.1%
Religions:
Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 6%, other 9%
Languages:
German
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1974 est.)
total population:
99%
male:
NA%
female:
NA%
Labor force:
3.47 million (1989)
by occupation:
services 56.4%, industry and crafts 35.4%, agriculture and forestry
8.1%
note:
an estimated 200,000 Austrians are employed in other European
countries; foreign laborers in Austria number 177,840, about 6%