eology_, 1891, p. 44.--De
Rossi; _Bullettino di archeologia cristiana_, 1875, p. 29; 1891, p.
91.--Stevenson: _Mostra di Roma, all' esposizione di Torino_, 1884, p.
174.--Rohault de Fleury: _Le latran au moyen age_ (planches 45, 46).
Paris, 1877.

[115] _Storia delle arti_, edizione Fea, vol. ii. p. 144.

[116] Zizim died by poisoning, February 24, 1495, during the
pontificate of Alexander VI., Borgia.

[117] Published by Muentz, in the _Archivio storico dell' arte_, vol.
iv., 1891, p. 366.

[118] The question as to the birthplace of Christopher Columbus seems
to have been finally settled in favor of Savona. Unquestionable
evidence has been discovered on June 17 of the present year, by the
Historical Society at Madrid.

[119] Theodor Sprenger: _Roma Nova_, p. 232. Frankfort, 1660.--Caylus:
in vol. xxv. of the _Memoires de l'Academie des inscriptions et belles
lettres_.--Cancellieri: _Il mercato_, p. 42.

[120] _Vita di Benvenuto Cellini_ lib. 1, xxxvi.

CHAPTER VI.

PAGAN CEMETERIES.

Various modes of burial in Rome.--Inhumation and
cremation.--Gradual predominance of the
latter.--Columbaria.--Inscription describing the organization of
one of these, on the Via Latina.--The extent of the pagan
cemeteries outside of Rome, and the number of graves they
contained.--Curiosities of the epitaphs.--The excavations in the
garden of La Farnesina.--The Roman house discovered there.--The
tomb of Sulpicius Platorinus.--Its interesting contents.--The
"divine crows."--The cemetery in the Villa Pamfili.--Tombs on the
Via Triumphalis.--That of Helius, the shoemaker.--The tombs of
the Via Salaria.--That of the Licinii Calpurnii.--The unhappy
history of this family.--The tomb of the precocious
boy.--Improvvisatori of later times.--The tomb of Lucilia Polla
and her brother.--Its history.--The Valle della Caffarella.--Its
associations with Herodes Atticus.--His fortune and its
origin.--His monuments to his wife.--The remarkable discovery of
the corpse of a young woman, in 1485.--Various contemporary
accounts of it.--Its ultimate fate.--Discovery of a similar
nature in 1889.

Inhumation seems to have been more common than cremation in
prehistoric Rome; hence, certain families, to give material evidence
of their ancient lineage, would never submit to cremation. Such were
the Cornelii Scipiones, whose sarcophagi were discovered