857
Right to sue the government 858
Congressional police measures 859
The postal service 859
Regulation of public utilities 860
Regulation of railroads 861
Taxation 862
Retroactive taxes 863
Governance of the Indians 864
The national eminent domain power 864
Scope of power 864
Alien property 865
Public use 865
Rights for which compensation must be made 866
When property is taken 867
Navigable waters 867
Just compensation 869
Interest 871
Enforcement of right to compensation 872

RIGHTS OF PERSONS

Amendment 5

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous
crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in
cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in
actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be
subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or
limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness
against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without
due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use,
without just compensation.

Rights of Accused Persons

THE GRAND JURY CLAUSE

Within the meaning of this article a crime is made "infamous" by the
quality of the punishment which may be imposed.[1] The Court has
recognized that: "What punishments shall be considered as infamous may
be affected by the changes of public opinion from one age to
another."[2] Imprisonment in a State prison or penitentiary, with or
without hard labor,[3] or imprisonment at hard labor in the workhouse of
the District of Columbia,[4] falls within this category. The pivotal
question is whether the offense is one for wh