ced it in sunless years
quite as much as in bright summers. The time when it is most likely to
happen is when a few days of hot sunshine follow a spell of wet weather,
as the wood is then soft and full of moisture, and is more liable to be
scorched than during a period of prolonged sunshine.

When trees are planted out singly it is well to choose those with
spreading heads and low stems, as then the tree will shade itself to a
great extent, the short amount of bare stem being less exposed to the
sun's rays than a taller one. After all, this is only Nature's method of
protection, as, in a wild state, no young tree is bare-stemmed, except
in a wood, where it is shaded by those near it. On the edge of a wood,
or in the open, young trees are furnished to the ground with foliage,
which is not shed until the stem has become hardened enough to withstand
climatic vicissitudes. If trees with tall stems are the only ones
available, then the stems should be shaded by some means for a year or
two, especially when they have become established and are making strong,
sappy growths, as the stem is practically in the same condition and apt
to be scorched by a sudden burst of hot sunshine.

GOAT AND WOOD-LEOPARD MOTHS

Sunstroke must not be confounded with the ravages of the caterpillars of
the Goat Moth and Wood-Leopard Moth, the external signs of which are
much the same, but on the bark being removed one or two channels almost
the size of a man's little finger are to be seen, together with
accumulations of wet sawdust-like material deposited by the
caterpillar. These are exterminated by thrusting a stout wire into the
channels until the grub is killed, and afterwards cutting away the dead
bark and tarring the wound thoroughly. The tree should also be securely
staked, otherwise it will probably snap off in the first high wind.

CHAPTER XXII

SHADE TREES FOR STREETS

In the middle ages it was accounted an act of piety to make or maintain
a road or a bridge, or to do anything in connexion with them that would
conduce to the safety or comfort of the wayfarer. The planting of trees
for shade, or the placing of a shaded bench for rest came within the
same category of pious works. In our days, when rush and hurry and the
pressure of business, and the worship of bare utility fill the minds of
most men, there are many who have almost forgotten the gracious aspects
of the more leisurely life. It is probably from this cause that s