the Gate of Saturninus. A
church in that position, though outside the Constantinian
fortification, was still so near them that it could be, very
appropriately, described as near one of the city gates. Again the
Russian pilgrims[155] who visited the shrines of Constantinople in the
second quarter of the fifteenth century found two churches dedicated
to S. Andrew in this part of the city, one to S. Andrew the Strategos,
the other to S. Andrew 'mad with the love of God' ('God-intoxicated').
In proceeding northwards from the church of S. Diomed, which stood
near the Golden Gate (Yedi Koule), the Russian visitor reached first
the sanctuary dedicated to S. Andrew the Strategos, and then the
church dedicated to S. Andrew the 'God-intoxicated,' which lay still
farther to the north. But this order in the positions of the two
churches implies that Hoja Mustapha Pasha Mesjedi represents the
church of S. Andrew the Strategos, a martyr of the fourth century,
viz. the church which the documents of the sixth century describe as
near the Gate of Saturninus, without specifying by what title its
patron saint was distinguished. This agrees, moreover, with what is
known regarding the site of the church of S. Andrew the Apostle. It
stood to the west of the cistern of Mokius,[156] the large ruined
Byzantine reservoir, now Tchoukour Bostan, to the north of Hoja
Mustapha Pasha Mesjedi.

The church does not appear again in history, under the designation
[Greek: en krisei], until the reign of Andronicus II. (1282-1328), when
it was found, like so many other churches which survived the Latin
occupation of the city, in a state demanding extensive repair. It was
then embellished and enlarged by the protovestiarissa Theodora,[157] a
lady who occupied a prominent position in the society of the day, both
as the emperor's cousin, and on account of her accomplishments and
character. In her early youth she was married to George Muzalon,[158]
the favourite counsellor and trusted friend of Theodore II. Ducas of
Nicaea. What confidence Muzalon enjoyed may be inferred from the fact
that he was associated with the Patriarch Arsenius as guardian of the
emperor's son, John Lascaris, when left the heir to the throne of
Nicaea, as a child eight years old.[159] Had Muzalon not met with an
untimely end he might have become the colleague of his ward, and
Theodora might have worn the imperial crown. The tragic murder of her