ch have taken root
before new year's day, must be tithed for the past year, and are allowed
for use in the Sabbatical year; otherwise they are forbidden in the
Sabbatical year, and must pay tithes for the following year.

8. R. Simon of Shezur said, "Egyptian beans which are sown at first for
seed are reckoned like them." R. Simon said, "the large lentils are
reckoned like them." R. Eliezer said, "the large lentils which put forth
pods before new year's day are also reckoned like them."

9. "Onions, not for seed, and Egyptian beans, from which water is withheld
thirty days before new year's day, must pay tithes for the past year, and
they are allowed for use in the Sabbatical year. Otherwise they are
forbidden in the Sabbatical year, and must be tithed for the coming year,
and so also (the produce) of a rain-field(46) from which the water of
irrigation is withheld on two occasions." The words of R. Maier. But the
Sages say "three."

10. "The gourds which stand over for seed?" "If they dry up before new
year's day and are unfit for human food, it is lawful to let them remain
on the Sabbatical year. Otherwise it is forbidden to let them stand over
on the Sabbatical year. Their buds are forbidden in the Sabbatical year.
But they may be sprinkled with white dust."(47) The words of R. Simon.
Rabbi Eliezer, the son of Jacob, "forbade them." Men may irrigate rice in
the Sabbatical year. Rabbi Simon said, "but they must not cut its leaves."

Chapter III

1. "How long may men bring out dung to the heap?" "Till the time comes for
stopping work." The words of R. Maier. R. Judah said, "till its
fertility(48) dry out." R. Jose said, "till it hardens into a lump."

2. "How much may men manure?" "As much as three times three heaps for
fifty cubits square of ten times ten ass panniers, each containing a
letech.(49) They may increase the panniers, but they must not increase the
heaps." Rabbi Simon said, "also the heaps."

3. A man may make for his field three times three heaps to the fifty
cubits square. "For more than these he must excavate the earth." The words
of R. Simon. But the Sages "forbid it, till he sink the heaps three
handbreadths, or till he raise them three above the earth." A man may keep
his manure in store. Rabbi Maier "forbade it till he sink it three
handbreadths, or till he raise it three." If he have only a little, he may
increase it and proceed in his work. Rabbi Eleazar, the son of Azariah,
"forbade i