y appeal to natural law, 1010;
Persistence of belief in miracles, 1011; Constitution of the
deity constructed by philosophy, 1012; His moral character
determined by that of his worshipers, 1013.

CHAPTER X. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF RELIGION 481

The external history of religion a history of social growth,
1014-1016.

EXTERNAL WORSHIP. Establishment of relations with Powers,
1017, 1018; by processes, 1019-1021; by gifts, 1022, 1023;
by messengers, 1024, 1025; Blood is placatory as a gift of
food, 1026; Human sacrifice, 1027-1031; Dances and
processions, 1032; Preponderant importance of ordinary
sacrifices--the various kinds, 1033-1035; Elaboration of the
sacrificial ritual, 1036.

THEORIES OF THE ORIGIN OF SACRIFICE. Their formulation late,
1037; Bloody and unbloody offerings equal in expiatory
virtue, 1038; Two groups of theories of origin, 1039: the
offering as gift, 1040, 1041; as effecting union between
deity and worshiper, 1042: by sharing the flesh of a sacred
animal (Smith and Frazer), 1043-1047; Self-sacrifice of a
god, 1048; Union through a sanctified victim (Hubert and
Mauss), 1049, 1050; Union with the Infinite effected by all
religious acts (Tiele), 1051, 1052; Persistence of these
conceptions of sacrifice 1053, 1054.

RITUAL. Its growth in elaborateness along with the growth of
social forms, 1055-1061.

PRIESTS. Regulation of the life, physical and moral, of
priests and priestesses, 1062-1065; Origin of religious
prostitution; secular and religious explanations, 1066;
Organization and influence of the priesthood: Egyptian,
1067; Babylonian and Assyrian, 1068; Palestinian, 1069;
Hindu, 1070; Persian, 1071; Greek, 1073; Roman, 1073;
Chinese, 1074; Peruvian and Mexican, 1075; Influence for
good and for evil, 1076-1079; No priesthood in Islam or in
Judaism after 70 A.D., 1080; Its function in some Christian
churches, 1080.

WORSHIP. Early places of worship, 1081-1082; Development of
temples, 1083-1086; Forms of worship: offerings, hymns,
music, 1087, 1088; Festivals, 1089; Vows, blessings, curses,
1090; Idols: their formal development, 1091, 1092;
Conception of their personality, 1093; Religious function of
idolatry, 1094.

CHURCHES. Individualism called forth voluntary associations,
1095; Savage secret societies, 1096; Greek mysteries,
1097-1099; Whether the Semites produced mysteries, 1100;
Rise of the idea