to pass without a remedy (and
no other remedy has been suggested), trial by jury itself, instead of
being a security to persons who are accused, will be _a delusion, a
mockery, and a snare_."

See Clark and Finnelly's _Reports of Cases in the House of Lords_, vol. xi.
p. 351.

C. H. COOPER.

Cambridge.

_Norman of Winster_ (Vol. viii., p. 126).--I do not know if W. is aware
that there was a family of Norman who was possessed of a share of the manor
of Beeley, in the parish of Ashford, Derbyshire, which came from the
Savilles, the said manor having been purchased by Wm. Saville, Esq., 1687.

A READER.

_Arms of the See of York_ (Vol. viii., pp. 34. 111. 233.).--Thoroton has a
curious note on this subject in his _History of Nottinghamshire_ (South
Muskham, in the east window of the chancel), from which it would appear
that neither Thoroton himself, nor his after-editor Thoresby, could be
aware of the change that had taken place. The note, however, may help to
complete the _catena_ of those incumbents of the see of York who (prior to
Cardinal Wolsey) bore the same arms as the see of Canterbury:

"There are the arms of the see of _Canterbury_, impaling _Arg. three
boars' heads erased and erected sable_, Booth, I doubt mistaken for the
arms of _York_, as they are with Archbishop Lee's again in the same
window; and in the hall window at _Newstede_ the see of _Canterbury_
impales _Savage_, who was Archbishop of _York_ also, but not of
_Canterbury_ that I know of."--Vol. iii. p. 152., ed. Notts, 1796.

Can any of your antiquarian contributors say why the sees of Canterbury and
York bore originally the same arms? Had it any relation to the struggle for
precedence carried on for so many years between the two sees?

J. SANSOM.

Mr. Waller, in his volume on _Monumental Brasses_, in describing that of
William de Grenfeld, Archbishop of York, says:

"The arms of the two archiepiscopal sees were formerly the same, and
continued to be so till the Reformation, when the pall surmounting a
crozier was retained by Canterbury, and the cross keys and tiara
(emblematic of St. Peter, to whom the minster is dedicated), which
until then had been used only for the church of York, were adopted as
the armorial bearings of the see."

To the word "tiara" he appends a note:

"Or rather at this period a regal crown, the tiara having been
superseded in the reign of Henry